Inverse Opals of Polyaniline and Its Copolymers Prepared by Electrochemical Techniques

Tian, Shichao; Wang, Jianjun; Jonas, Ulrich; Knoll, Wolfgang

doi:10.1021/cm051578g

Cited by 68 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…In applications where a high surface area is advantageous, inverse opal membranes have been explored. [143,[149][150][151][152][153][154][155] For example, electrochemical polymerization of polypyrrole around silica beads has been investigated by Sumida et al [149] Their findings introduced electropolymerizable, conducting polymers into porous membrane formation. With functionalized glass substrate the vapor-phase oxidative polymerization of polypyrrole became controllable and shrinkage could be avoided.…”

Section: Conducting Polymers and Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Porous Polymer Membranes by Hard Templating – A Review

2017

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Membranes are designed to bridge a precise separation process at the nanoscale with industrial applications running at cubic meters per hour. This review outlines materials applied in membrane production with a particular focus on polymers. Membrane performance and created value are directly linked to controlled pore formation. Their economic relevance has created a number of large companies and associated academic research at top institutions. The authors review, therefore, starts from well-established techniques applied in products and then moves on to evolving concepts from academia. Pore formation through hard templating is a versatile field for separation processes. A more detailed view is given on the two known concepts for nanopore formation, namely colloidal templates and random hard salt templating. A comparison between these two concepts underlines their relevance to combine a process specific separation with large scale manufacturing requirements (i.e., upscale possibility, flexible process control and environmental impact).

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Section: Conducting Polymers and Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By increasing the surface area upon template removal, the sensitivity of the biosensor is improved. [152,153] …”

Section: Conducting Polymers and Biosensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Porous Polymer Membranes by Hard Templating – A Review

2017

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“…200 nm-1 μm. The colloid crystal phase was prepared by sedimentation of particles onto the electrode [25] or by vertical lifting from the colloidal suspension [26].…”

Section: Nanoparticle 3d Ordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conducting Polymers in Sensor Design

Sołoducho¹,

Cabaj²

2016

Conducting Polymers

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Conducting polymers (CPs) as well as conducting polymer nanoparticles seem to be very applicable for the development of various analyte-recognizing elements of sensors and biosensors. This chapter reviews mainly fabrication methods as well as application of conducting polymers in sensors. Conducting polymers (CPs) have been applied in the design of catalytic and affinity biosensors as immobilization matrixes, signal transduction systems, and even analyte-recognizing components. Various types of conducting and electrochemically generated polymer-based electrochemical sensors were developed including amperometric catalytic and potentiodynamic affinity sensors. A very specific interaction of analyte with immobilized biological element results in the formation of reaction products.

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“…It has been demonstrated that the biosensor characteristics are related to the effective surface area of the working electrode [33]. Inverse opal PANI composite has been reported to have a much higher electrocatalytic efficiency for the oxidation of reduced b-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), than that of an unpatterned film [34]. Because the response of a biosensor depends on the interaction of an analyte with an immobilized capture ligand on the sensor surface.…”

Section: (Figure 4)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of polypyrrole with photonic structures from butterfly wings as biosensor

Tang

Zhu

Chen

et al. 2012

Materials Chemistry and Physics

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Polypyrrole (PPy) with photonic crystal structures were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings using a two-step templating process. In the first step photonic crystal SiO2 butterfly wings were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings and in the second step the SiO2 butterfly wings were used as templates for the replication of PPy butterfly wings using an in situ polymerization method. The SiO2 templates were then removed from the PPy butterfly wings using a HF solution. The hierarchical structures down to the nanometer level, especially the photonic crystal structures, were retained in the final PPy replicas, as evidenced directly by field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The optical properties of the resultant PPy replicas were investigated using reflectance spectroscopy and the PPy replicas exhibit brilliant color due to Bragg diffraction through its ordered periodic structures. The preliminary biosensing application was investigated and it was found that the PPy replicas showed a much higher biological activity compared with PPy powders through their response to dopamine (DA), probably due to the hierarchical structures as well as controlled porosity inherited from Morpho butterfly wings. It is expected that our strategy will open up new avenues for the synthesis of functional polymers with photonic crystal structures, which may form applications as biosensors. Abstract: Photonic crystal polypyrrole (PPy) butterfly wings were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings by using a two-step templating process. In the first step photonic crystal SiO 2 butterfly wings were synthesized from Morpho butterfly wings and in the second step the obtained SiO 2 replicas were used as templates for the duplication of PPy butterfly wings by using an in situ polymerization method. The SiO 2 templates were then removed from the PPy butterfly wings using a HF solution. The precise structures of the replicas were characterized by using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Molecular structure and the composition of the PPy replicas were further characterized by Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), respectively. It was confirmed that the photonic crystal PPy replicas were made of pure PPy. The optical properties of 2 the resultant PPy replicas were investigated by using reflectance spectroscopy and the PPy replicas exhibit brilliant color due to Bragg diffraction through its ordered periodic structures. The primary response of the replicas to dopamine (DA) as a biosensor was investigated and it was found that the PPy replicas showed a much higher biological activity compared with PPy powders, probably due to the hierarchical structures as well as controlled porosity inherited from Morpho butterfly wings. It is expected that our strategy will open up new avenues for the synthesis of functional polymers with photonic crystal structures, which can form the basis of p...

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Inverse Opals of Polyaniline and Its Copolymers Prepared by Electrochemical Techniques

Cited by 68 publications

References 60 publications

Porous Polymer Membranes by Hard Templating – A Review

Porous Polymer Membranes by Hard Templating – A Review

Conducting Polymers in Sensor Design

Replication of polypyrrole with photonic structures from butterfly wings as biosensor

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