Inverse slope systematics in high-energy p+p and Au+Au reactions

Dumitru, Adrian; Spieles, C.

doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(98)01467-1

Cited by 18 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…1. This explanation is in the line with the typical hydrodynamical calculations (see, for instance, [12]) -the inverse slope parameter T * of the hadron is smaller, if it decouples early, i.e., at higher temperatures T f , but smaller velocity v f T . A more careful analysis requires the combination of the hydrodynamic approach at the early stage of the expansion with cascade model calculations at the latest stage [13,14].…”

supporting

confidence: 86%

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Transverse momentum spectra of J/ψ and ψ′ mesons from quark gluon plasma hadronization in nuclear collisions

2001

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Recent results on transverse mass spectra of J/ψ and ψ ′ mesons in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A·GeV are considered. It is shown that those results support a hypothesis of statistical production of charmonia at hadronization and suggest the early thermal freeze-out of J/ψ and ψ ′ mesons. Based on this approach the collective transverse velocity of hadronizing quark gluon plasma is estimated to be v H T ≈ 0.2. Predictions for transverse mass spectra of hidden and open charm mesons at SPS and RHIC are discussed.Key words: statistical production of charmonia, early freeze-out, transverse flow, inverse slope parameterThe idealized concepts of chemical (hadron multiplicities) and thermal (hadron momentum distributions) freeze-outs were introduced to interpret data on hadron production in relativistic nucleus-nucleus (A+A) collisions [1]. The first experimental results on yields and transverse mass (m T = p 2 T + m 2 ) spectra suggested the following scenario: for the most abundant hadron species (π, N, K, Λ) the chemical freeze-out, which seems to coincide with the hadronization of the quark gluon plasma (QGP), is followed by the thermal freeze-out occurring at a rather late stage of the A+A reaction. In this letter we discuss whether the new data of NA50 [2] on transverse mass spectra of J/ψ and ψ ′ mesons produced in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 A·GeV are consistent with the above picture. Our consideration is based on a recent hypothesis [3] of statistical production of charmonia at hadronization. We further suggest that thermal freeze-out of charmonia coincides with the hadronization transition. The consequences of this assumptions are in agreement with existing data on m T spectra. They allow to extract the transverse flow velocity of the hadronizing QGP and lead to new predictions which can be tested by future measurements.Rescattering among partons and, in the late stage of the reaction process, hadrons created in relativistic A+A collisions should cause local thermalization and the development of transverse collective flow of matter. Thus the final transverse motion of hadrons can be considered as a convolution of the transverse flow velocity of the freezing-out matter element with the thermal motion of the hadrons in the rest frame of this element. The resulting m T spectrum has approximately exponential shape:where C and T * are a normalization and an inverse slope parameters, respectively. The T * parameter is related to the thermal freeze-out temperature T f and the mean transverse flow velocity v f T . In the nonrelativistic approximation (m T < 2m) contributions from thermal and collective particle motions can be separated and the inverse slope parameter of the observed hadron spectrum can be expressed as [4]:Note that factor 2/π appears in Eq.(2) due to the cylindrical geometry expected in high energy A+A collisions (see [4] for details). In the case of the simultaneous thermal freeze-out of all hadrons the inverse slope parameter T * should follow the linear dependence on m given by Eq. (2). In...

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confidence: 86%

“…The hydrodynamic calculations of Ref. [12] [12]. In fact, the situation is even more uncertain as the dynamical transport calculations of the HSD model (Hadron String Dynamics) made for RHIC energy [28] predict a rather small inverse slope of about 225 MeV for all particle species.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transverse momentum spectra of J/ψ and ψ′ mesons from quark gluon plasma hadronization in nuclear collisions

2001

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“…The different scenarios of 'charmonium melting' and 'hadronic comover dissociation' may clearly be distinguished at FAIR energies (of about [25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35], where the centrality dependence of the J/Ψ survival probability and the Ψ ′ to J/Ψ ratio are significantly lower in the 'comover absorption' model than in the 'charmonium melting' scenario. This result comes about since the average comover density decreases only moderately with lower bombarding energy, whereas the region in space-time with energy densities above critical values of e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Open and Hidden Charm in Proton–nucleus and Heavy-Ion Collisions

Linnyk

Bratkovskaya

Cassing

2008

Int. J. Mod. Phys. E

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We review the collectivity and the suppression pattern of charmed mesons -produced in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions at SPS (∼ 158 A·GeV) and RHIC energies (∼ 21 A·TeV) -in comparison to dynamical and thermal models. In particular, we examine the charmonium 'melting' and the 'comover dissociation' scenarios -implemented in a microscopic transport approach -in comparison to the available data from the SPS and RHIC. The analysis shows that the dynamics of c,c quarks at RHIC are dominated by partonic or 'pre-hadronic' interactions in the strongly coupled plasma stage and can neither be modeled by 'hadronic' interactions nor described appropriately by color screening alone. Both the 'charmonium melting' and the hadronic 'comover absorption and recreation model' are found, however, to be compatible with the experimental observation at SPS energies; the experimental ratio of Ψ ′ /J/Ψ versus centrality clearly favors the 'hadronic comover' scenario. We find that the collective flow of charm in the purely hadronic Hadron-String Dynamics (HSD) transport appears compatible with the data at SPS energies, but substantially underestimates the data at top RHIC energies. Thus, the large elliptic flow v 2 of D-mesons and the low R AA (p T ) of J/Ψ seen experimentally have to be attributed to early interactions of non-hadronic degrees of freedom. Simultaneously, we observe that non-hadronic interactions are mandatory in order to describe the narrowing of the J/Ψ rapidity distribution from pp to central Au + Au collisions at the top RHIC energy of √ s = 200 GeV. We demonstrate additionally that the strong quenching of high-p T J/Ψ's in central Au + Au collisions indicates that a large fraction of final J/Ψ mesons is created by a coalescence mechanism close to the phase boundary. Throughout this review we, furthermore, provide predictions for charm observables from Au+Au collisions at FAIR energies of 25 -35 A·GeV.

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“…in collision energy. The dependence of the inverse slope parameter T (and therefore of the p T ) on particle mass has previously been proposed to be due to an increasing contribution to the transverse momentum spectra from minijet production in p + p and p + p collisions [35]. The contribution is expected to be even greater for higher mass particles [36].…”

Section: Mean Transverse Momentummentioning

confidence: 97%

Strange particle production inp+pcollisions ats=200GeV

Abelev¹,

Adams²,

Aggarwal³

et al. 2007

Phys. Rev. C

337

206

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We present strange particle spectra and yields measured at midrapidity in √ s = 200 GeV proton-proton (p + p) collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). We find that the previously observed universal transverse mass (m T ≡ p T 2 + m 2 ) scaling of hadron production in p + p collisions seems to break down at higher m T and that there is a difference in the shape of the m T spectrum between baryons and mesons. We observe midrapidity antibaryon to baryon ratios near unity for and baryons and no dependence of the ratio on transverse momentum, indicating that our data do not yet reach the quark-jet dominated region. We show the dependence of the mean transverse momentum p T on measured charged particle multiplicity and on particle mass and infer that these trends are consistent with gluon-jet dominated particle production. The data are compared with previous measurements made at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron and Intersecting Storage Rings and in Fermilab experiments and with leading-order and next-to-leading-order string fragmentation model predictions. We infer from these comparisons that the spectral shapes and particle yields from p + p collisions at RHIC energies have large contributions from gluon jets rather than from quark jets.

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Inverse slope systematics in high-energy p+p and Au+Au reactions

Cited by 18 publications

References 45 publications

Transverse momentum spectra of J/ψ and ψ′ mesons from quark gluon plasma hadronization in nuclear collisions

Transverse momentum spectra of J/ψ and ψ′ mesons from quark gluon plasma hadronization in nuclear collisions

Open and Hidden Charm in Proton–nucleus and Heavy-Ion Collisions

Strange particle production inp+pcollisions ats=200GeV

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