Invertase activity in Epichloë/Acremonium fungal endophytes and its possible role in choke disease

Lam, Cuong K.; Belanger, Faith C.; White, James F.; Daie, Jaleh

doi:10.1016/s0953-7562(09)80743-0

Cited by 22 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The four media were autoclaved yeast cells, potato dextrose broth, tryptone-Suc medium (Lam et al, 1995), and tryptone-Suc medium containing 1% (w/v) pustulan. The yeast cell medium was prepared by resuspending 50 g of washed Bakers yeast (ICN, Costa Mesa, CA) Partial Purification of the ␤-1,6-Glucanase…”

Section: Isolation Of the ␤-16-glucanase Expression Plasmid From Brementioning

confidence: 99%

“…We are interested in fungalsecreted proteins because they are likely to be important components of the mutualistic interaction because they are located at the interface of the two species. We have previously reported on a fungal subtilisin-like proteinase and an invertase detected in endophyte-infected plants (Lindstrom et al, 1993;Lindstrom and Belanger, 1994;Lam et al, 1995;Reddy et al, 1996). Both of these enzymes are fungalsecreted proteins.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…None would be expected in potato dextrose broth because plant cells do not contain ␤-1,6-glucans (Varner and Lin, 1989). ␤-1,6-Glucanase activity in a semidefined medium, tryptone-0.1% (w/v) Suc (Lam et al, 1995), was compared with that in the same medium also containing 1% (w/v) pustulan. A low Suc concentration was used to simulate the low nutrient conditions found in the plant apoplast.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophytic Fungal β-1,6-Glucanase Expression in the Infected Host Grass

Moy

Sullivan

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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Mutualistic fungal endophytes infect many grass species and often confer benefits to the hosts such as reduced herbivory by insects and animals. The physiological interactions between the endophytes and their hosts have not been well characterized. Fungal-secreted proteins are likely to be important components of the interaction. In the interaction between Poa ampla and the endophyte Neotyphodium sp., a fungal ␤-1,6-glucanase is secreted into the apoplast, and activity of the enzyme is detectable in endophyte-infected plants. Sequence analysis indicates the ␤-1,6-glucanase is homologous to enzymes secreted by the mycoparasitic fungi Trichoderma harzianum and Trichoderma virens. DNA gel-blot analysis indicated the ␤-1,6-glucanase was encoded by a single gene. As a secreted protein, the ␤-1,6-glucanase may have a nutritional role for the fungus. In culture, ␤-1,6-glucanase activity was induced in the presence of ␤-1,6-glucans. From RNA gel blots, similar ␤-1,6-glucanases were expressed in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) and Chewings fescue (Festuca rubra L. subsp. fallax [Thuill] Nyman) infected with the endophyte species Neotyphodium coenophialum and Epichloë festucae, respectively.Fungal endophytes of the genus Neotyphodium (formerly Acremonium; Glenn et al., 1996) infect many grass species, some of which are important turf and forage grasses. The fungi colonize the intercellular spaces of the aerial plant parts but do not invade the plant cells. The endophyte-grass associations are generally considered to be mutualistic symbioses (Clay, 1988). In many associations, the production of alkaloids by the fungus results in reduced herbivory by insects and animals, thus benefiting the host (Breen, 1994;Bush et al., 1997). The fungi benefit from the access to nutrients provided by the plants.Within the past 20 years, considerable knowledge has been gained on the synthesis and effects of alkaloids, the genetics and taxonomic relationships of endophytes, and the ecological effects of endophyte infection (Clay, 1990;Siegel and Schardl, 1991;Schardl, 1996;Bush et al., 1997). The physiological aspects of the endophyte-grass interactions have not, however, been well characterized in any system. We are investigating the physiology of the fungus-grass interaction with the long-range objective of eventually being able to manipulate agriculturally important interactions. We are using the Poa ampla cv Service (big bluegrass)/Neotyphodium sp. interaction as a model system for the grass/fungus interaction (Lindstrom et al., 1993). P. ampla is apomictic, so we have a ready supply of plants of identical genotype. We also have uninfected plants of the identical genotype, which were identified in older seed lots in which the endophyte had lost viability.Almost nothing is known of the proteins relevant to the interaction between the plant hosts and the fungal endophytes. We are interested in fungalsecreted proteins because they are likely to be important components of the mutualistic interaction because they are located at the...

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Section: Isolation Of the ␤-16-glucanase Expression Plasmid From Brementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Endophytic Fungal β-1,6-Glucanase Expression in the Infected Host Grass

Moy

Sullivan

et al. 2002

Plant Physiology

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“…Lam et al (1995) demonstrated that Epichloë festucae possesses the sucrose degrading enzyme invertase and suggested that this enzyme may play a role in stroma development. Earlier work by suggests another mechanism.…”

Section: The Process Of Stroma Development and Its Lossmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental Interactions Between Clavicipitaleans and Their Host Plants

White

Belanger

Sullivan

et al. 2008

Plant Surface Microbiology

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“…A general pattern for above-ground fungal pathogens appears to be increased assimilate flow to infected areas of the plant and decreased movement of assimilates to the roots (Whipps & Lewis, 1981). Close relatives of Epichloë have been shown to produce plant hormones and enzymes that affect resource movement (de Battista et al, 1990;Lam et al, 1995;Latch, 1997). Epichloë could itself produce hormones recognized by the plant or manipulate the host to obtain levels of hormones needed to increase resource movement (Lam et al, 1995).…”

Section: Carbon Movementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epichloë glyceriae infection affects carbon translocation in the clonal grass Glyceria striata

Pan

Clay

2004

New Phytologist

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Summary• Systemic fungal endophytes derive resources from hosts and can affect host resource movement and integration. We examined whether infection by Epichloë glyceriae altered clonal growth of its host, Glyceria striata , through changes in physiology.• Growth of severed and intact stolons was compared to examine physiological integration in infected and disinfected (fungicide-treated) plants. To assess whether infection changed carbon (C) movement, labelling with 14 C was used.• We found physiological integration did not affect biomass per stolon for either infected or disinfected plants. The severed stolon to intact stolon ratio for the number of daughter ramets within a plant did not differ by infection status, although fewer daughter ramets were produced on severed stolons of disinfected plants. 14 C movement from the labelled leaf was greater for infected stolons, whereas the labelled leaf retained more assimilate for stolons of disinfected plants.• Previous studies showed that Epichloë glyceriae could increase host clonal growth. In this study, infection changed host assimilate distribution, but did not lead to corresponding differences in stolon growth. The effects of endophytes on host physiology and clonal growth may depend on environmental conditions.

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Invertase activity in Epichloë/Acremonium fungal endophytes and its possible role in choke disease

Cited by 22 publications

References 43 publications

Endophytic Fungal β-1,6-Glucanase Expression in the Infected Host Grass

Endophytic Fungal β-1,6-Glucanase Expression in the Infected Host Grass

Developmental Interactions Between Clavicipitaleans and Their Host Plants

Epichloë glyceriae infection affects carbon translocation in the clonal grass Glyceria striata

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