Invertebrate Scavenging Communities

Anderson, Gail S.; Barton, Philip S.; Archer, Melanie S.; Wallace, John R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-16501-7_3

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…This is plausible because A. astaci produces motile zoospores at the fastest rate during the time right before and a few days after the death of the host. The competition for the carcasses between scavenger species can be strong, while the decomposition process is relatively fast in submerged carcasses (Anderson et al, 2019; Beasley et al, 2012; Fenoglio et al, 2014). Therefore, the effective scavenging time for the crayfish carcasses is limited, which affects the efficiency of carcasses as infection sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crayfish population size under different routes of pathogen transmission

Koivu-Jolma

Kortet

Vainikka

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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We present an epidemiological model for the crayfish plague, a disease caused by an invasive oomycete Aphanomyces astaci, and its general susceptible freshwater crayfish host. The pathogen shows high virulence with resulting high mortality rates in freshwater crayfishes native to Europe, Asia, Australia, and South America. The crayfish plague occurrence shows complicated dynamics due to the several types of possible infection routes, which include cannibalism and necrophagy. We explore this complexity by addressing the roles of host cannibalism and the multiple routes of transmission through (1) environment, (2) contact, (3) cannibalism, and (4) scaveng-

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crayfish population size under different routes of pathogen transmission

Koivu-Jolma

Kortet

Vainikka

et al. 2023

Ecology and Evolution

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“…Although scavengers cannot prevent MMEs from occurring, they can help buffer ecosystems against the impacts of MMEs on species interactions and nutrient flows through their consumption and ). These different taxa combine to form scavenging guilds that are unique to different biogeographical regions, land uses and habitat types (Anderson et al 2019, Sebastian-Gonzalez et al 2019. Where data are available for carrion consumption, they show that removal of carcasses can be up to 100% for some scavenger species and groups (Table S1).…”

Section: Native Scavenger Guilds As a Nature-based Solution To Mitiga...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-driven animal mass mortality events: is there a role for scavengers?

et al. 2022

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Summary Animal mass mortality events (MMEs) will increase with weather and climate extremes. MMEs can add significant stress to ecosystems through extraordinary nutrient pulses or contribute to potential disease transmission risks. Given their efficient removal of carrion biomass from landscapes, we argue here for the potential of scavenger guilds to be a key nature-based solution to mitigating MME effects. However, we caution that scavenger guilds alone will not be a silver bullet. It is critical for further research to identify how the composition of scavenger guilds and the magnitude of MMEs will determine when scavengers will buffer the impacts of such events on ecosystems and when intervention might be required. Some MMEs are too large for scavengers to remove efficiently, and there is a risk of MMEs subsidizing pest species, altering nutrient cycling or leading to disease spread. Prioritizing native scavenger taxa in conservation management policies may help to boost ecosystem resilience through preserving their key ecological services. This should be part of a multi-pronged approach to MME mitigation that combines scavenger conservation with practices such as carcass dispersal or removal when exceeding a threshold quantity. Policymakers are urged to identify such thresholds and to recognize both the insects and the vertebrate scavengers that could act as allies for mitigating the emerging problem of climate-driven MMEs.

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“…Direct Prevention: Pathogens and the Carcass Environment. A decomposing carcass is a nutrientrich resource for a variety of organisms (Zepeda Mendoza et al 2018, Anderson et al 2019. The first colonizers of a fresh carcass originate foremost from the microbiome carried within the living animal, which may be followed by post-mortem settlement by a range of soil-dwelling bacteria, nematodes, fungi, and insects (Loeffler and Hart 2014, Metcalf et al 2016, Zepeda Mendoza et al 2018.…”

Section: Vultures and The Prevention Of Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%