Invertebrate Trace Fossils and Ichnodiversity in Shallow-Marine Carbonates of the German Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk)

Knaust, Dirk

doi:10.2110/pec.07.88.0223

Cited by 32 publications

(42 citation statements)

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“…On the studied bedding surfaces and in vertical sections, trails and burrows with an irregular to sinusoidal course are common ( Fig. 3C), of which some resemble a compressed corkscrew and refer to Cochlichnus anguineus (Knaust 2007b). Most common are surface traces, about 2-3 mm wide, which sharply incise the microbially modified sediment surface.…”

Section: Nemertea (Ribbon Worms)mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Seilacher (2007) argues that Curvolithus could potentially be produced by platyhelminthes and, indeed, Curvolithus isp. is reported from the same interval (Knaust 2007b). Furthermore, tripartite surface trails occur also in association with turbellarians preserved as calcite-filled moulds at the end of such traces (Fig.…”

Section: Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…), one leaving an actively filled burrow similar to Planolites behind it. Depending on the substrate and preservation, there is a continuum between smooth Planolites and sculptured Protovirgularia (Knaust 2007b).…”

Section: Molluscamentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remarkably preserved benthic organisms and their traces from a Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) mud flat

Knaust

2010

LET

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Knaust, D. 2010: Remarkably preserved benthic organisms and their traces from a Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) mud flat. Lethaia, Vol. 43, pp. 344–356. A new Fossil‐Lagerstätte is reported from the Middle Triassic of Germany, preserving Foraminifera, Nematoda, Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, Annelida and a range of Arthropoda together with their traces. This is the oldest fossil record of free‐living nematodes and turbellarians, and the first occurrence of nemerteans in the Mesozoic. The rare preservation of the benthic associations together with their traces is unique; especially the abundant occurrence of different phyla as meiofauna (organisms with shortest dimension between 0.06 and 1 mm) provides an insight into the palaeoecological conditions of a 240‐Ma‐old muddy tidal flat. The preservation of benthic animals at the termination of their traces offers the exclusive opportunity to assign producers to the trace fossils. The results show that the discussed phyla were already established in the early Mesozoic in a similar diversity and composition as in modern analogues. The new Fossil‐Lagerstätte has the potential to prove a number of soft‐bodied taxa immediately after the end‐Permian mass extinction, which has wide‐ranging implications for phylogenetic interpretations. □Benthos, soft‐bodied organisms, Fossil‐Lagerstätte, Muschelkalk, trace fossils, Triassic.

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Section: Nemertea (Ribbon Worms)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Platyhelminthes (Flatworms)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remarkably preserved benthic organisms and their traces from a Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) mud flat

Knaust

2010

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“…As shown with the Muschelkalk deposits of the Germanic Basin (Knaust, 1998, 2007a,b, 2010b), ichnological methods are valuable for the reconstruction of palaeoenvironments and facies (the term ‘ Muschelkalk ’ refers to a lithostratigraphic group of Middle Triassic age with a shallow‐marine carbonate facies from the Germanic Basin in Europe; see Bachmann et al. , 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ichnology and sedimentology of the Triassic carbonates of North‐west Sardinia, Italy

Knaust¹,

Costamagna

2012

Sedimentology

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The classical Middle to Upper Triassic carbonate sections at Monte Santa\ud Giusta and Punta del Lavatoio, North-west Sardinia (Italy), referred to the\ud Muschelkalk and Keuper lithofacies group, are revisited and their trace fossil\ud content is investigated for the first time. A combined ichnological and\ud sedimentological study reveals insights into the depositional environments,\ud regional context, palaeogeography and sequence stratigraphy. The results\ud indicate deposition on a homoclinal carbonate ramp with broad facies belts.\ud All recognized trace fossils are also known from time-equivalent deposits of\ud Germany and thus indicate a close affinity between the North-west Sardinian\ud Triassic and the Germanic Basin. Only a few trace fossils are particularly\ud abundant and these indicate opportunistic colonization by their producers,\ud which is probably related to restricted endobenthic conditions due to reduced\ud oxygen and/or increased salinity. The trace fossil association can be grouped\ud into a softground suite belonging to the Cruziana ichnofacies, and a firmground\ud suite of the Glossifungites ichnofacies. This discrimination enables an\ud interpretation of the northern Monte Santa Giusta section as a carbonate\ud ramp with extensive tidal flats and abundant carbonate accumulation in a\ud relatively proximal position, whereas the southern Punta del Lavatoio section\ud exhibits broad lagoonal environments with reduced sedimentation in a deeper\ud and more Tethys-influenced area. The Sardinian sections are ichnologically\ud similar to the Anisian–Ladinian succession known from the Tatra Mountains,\ud but differ from it by having a slightly higher ichnodiversity, which again can be\ud attributed to a less restricted lagoonal environment. This study demonstrates\ud the importance of integrating trace fossil analysis in sedimentological and\ud palaeontological investigations of carbonate systems

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“…Type ichnospecies.-Phycodes circinatus Richter, 1853. Diagnosis.-Horizontal to subhorizontal, cylindrical to Ushaped burrows with dichotomously branched tunnels forming bundles (Fillion & Pickerill, 1990;Knaust, 2007).…”

Section: Ichnogenus Phycodes Richter 1850mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ichnotaxonomy of the Cambrian Spence Shale Member of the Langston formation, Wellsville Mountains, Northern Utah, USA

Hammersburg

Hasiotis

Robison

2018

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Invertebrate Trace Fossils and Ichnodiversity in Shallow-Marine Carbonates of the German Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk)

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Remarkably preserved benthic organisms and their traces from a Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) mud flat

Remarkably preserved benthic organisms and their traces from a Middle Triassic (Muschelkalk) mud flat

Ichnology and sedimentology of the Triassic carbonates of North‐west Sardinia, Italy

Ichnotaxonomy of the Cambrian Spence Shale Member of the Langston formation, Wellsville Mountains, Northern Utah, USA

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