Investigación en intervención breve y consumo de alcohol durante la gestación: productividad e impacto

Abstract

RESUMENObjetivo: Describir la producción científica de las Intervenciones Breves (IB) para disminuir el consumo de alcohol durante la gestación y cuantificarla mediante indicadores bibliométricos. Método: Se realizó un estudio de investigación secundaria con un diseño de revisión estructurada que consistió en búsquedas sistemáticas en las bases de datos Lilacs, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scielo y Scopus. Para el análisis se accedió al documento completo y se registraron características y procedimientos de aplicación de IB de los documentos seleccionados. Resultados: Se analizaron 45 artículos, la mayoría de los Estados Unidos. La primera publicación fue en 1999 registrándose un incremento progresivo hasta la actualidad. La revista con más publicaciones fue Obstetrics and Gynecology y el idioma predominante el inglés. El 52% de los artí-culos corresponden a trabajos empíricos, y el resto a trabajos de reflexión y revisiones que en su mayoría, promueven la abstinencia durante la gestación. En los trabajos experimentales se compararon dos grupos, intervención y control, y se registraron dos modalidades: vía web y cara a cara (71%). Para tamizar consumo de alcohol el T-ACE fue el instrumento más recomendado y utilizado, junto con preguntas de cantidad y frecuencia. Conclusiones: La necesidad de contar con estrategias efectivas para evitar el consumo de alcohol durante la gestación está siendo cada vez más reconocida. Se espera que en los próximos años el crecimiento del número de publicaciones impacte en nuestro contexto latinoamericano donde hay escasez de publicaciones, aparentemente nulas en habla hispana, y donde existe una relevante necesidad de evidencia sobre estrategias efectivas en esta población. PALABRAS CLAVES: Intervenciones breves, bebidas alcohólicas, promoción de la salud, embarazo, indicadores bibliométricos SUMMARY Aims:To describe the scientific production of the Brief Interventions (BI) to reduce alcohol consumption during pregnancy and quantify it by bibliometric indicators. Method: A secondary research study was conducted with a structured design review. A systematic search of Lilacs, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus and Scielo databases was made. For the analysis, we accessed to the full document and then concentrated on the application and procedures of the BI characterized in the articles. Results: Forty-five articles, most from the United States were analyzed. In 1999 was the first publication and it has been a gradual increase until today. The journal which published more was Obstetrics and Gynecology and the language of all publications was above all English. Half of the articles were empirical works, and the rest, opinion articles, and reviews. Most of them promote alcohol abstinence during pregnancy. In all experimental works, two groups were compared: intervention and control and the BI was implemented by two procedures: via web or face to face (71%). Among all the alcohol consumption screening instruments, the most recommended 56 REV CHIL OBSTET GINECOL 2016; 81(1): 56 -62

Broadening the evidence for the Theory of Planned Behavior: predicting heavy episodic drinking in Argentinean female and male youth

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Psychometric Properties of Brief Screening Tests for Alcohol Use Disorders during Pregnancy in Argentina

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Screening for Alcohol Use in Pregnancy: a Review of Current Practices and Perspectives

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