Investigating a galactomannan gel obtained from Cassia grandis seeds as immobilizing matrix for Cramoll lectin

Abstract

Characterization, with emphasis on the rheological properties, of Cassia grandis seeds galactomannan gel containing immobilized Cramoll 1-4 is presented. The gels, with and without immobilized Cramoll 1-4, were evaluated along time by rheometry, pH, color, microbial contamination and lectin hemagglutinating activity (HA). Rheological determinations confirmed the gels to be very stable up to 30 days with variations occurring after this period. Rheological data also showed that the gel/Cramoll 1-4 immobilizing matrix loses its elastic modulus substantially after 60 days. Both gels presented no microbial contamination as well as a pH close to neutral. Colorimetric parameters demonstrated the gels transparency with occasional yellowness. The opacity of the galactomannan gel did not change significantly along the study; the same did not occur for the gel with immobilized Cramoll 1-4 as a statistically significant reduction of its opacity was observed. In what concerns immobilized Cramoll 1-4 HA, up to 90% of its initial HA was maintained after 20 days, with a decrease to 60% after 60 days. These results combined with the thickening and stabilizing characteristics of the galactomannan gel make this gel a promising immobilizing matrix for Cramoll 1-4 that can be further exploited for clinical and cosmetic applications.

RETRACTED: Hydrogel and membrane scaffold formulations of Frutalin (breadfruit lectin) within a polysaccharide galactomannan matrix have potential for wound healing

“…These diverse positive effects of Frutalin on fibroblasts, endorsed the next step of our work, namely to develop a lectin-carrier combination to steadily release Frutalin into microenvironments to promote desired healing actions. We chose galactomannan as the vehicle; it forms viscous hydrogel solutions at low concentrations, gives porous membrane scaffolds on freeze drying and is reported to provide stabilizing matrices for lectins [44,45]. However, unlike these earlier studies [44,45] we isolated the polysaccharide from Caesalpinia pulcherrima seeds.…”

“…We chose galactomannan as the vehicle; it forms viscous hydrogel solutions at low concentrations, gives porous membrane scaffolds on freeze drying and is reported to provide stabilizing matrices for lectins [44,45]. However, unlike these earlier studies [44,45] we isolated the polysaccharide from Caesalpinia pulcherrima seeds. This species is readily cultivated in tropical semiarid regions, produces seeds 6 months after planting and, as we have described [36], is wellcharacterized and gave galactomannan yields of ~25% from dried seed mass.…”

Biopolymer from Adenanthera pavonina L. Seeds: Characterization, Photostability, Antioxidant Activity, and Biotoxicity Evaluation

“…The FTIR spectrum shows different peaks related to functional groups. IR spectra show a 3323 cm −1 absorption band, characteristic of carbohydrates indicating the vibration of the hydroxyl groups (-OH) of polysaccharides and also water involved in the hydrogen bond formation [3]. Another band International Journal of Polymer Science was detected in 2909 cm −1 , indicating the stretching of alkane groups (-CH 2 ).…”

“…Another band International Journal of Polymer Science was detected in 2909 cm −1 , indicating the stretching of alkane groups (-CH 2 ). According to the study of Albuquerque in 2014 [3], in galactomannan extracted from Cassia grandis, the region between 3800 and 2800 represents the stretching way of the group (CH). In the region comprised between 950 and 700 cm −1 , the polysaccharide showed characteristic absorption at 871 and 811 cm −1 .…”

“…In this context, galactomannans are the second largest group of storage polysaccharides in the kingdom plantae [2]. They consist of energy reserve polysaccharides present mainly in legume seeds, which usually have in their chemical structure linear mannose chains bound by beta-glycosidic bonds and galactose unit branches with alpha-glycosidic bonds [3]. Moreover, galactomannans are biopolymers widely used in paper, textile, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic industries due to their viscosity, gelling, and emulsifier properties [2].…”