Investigating a university library building evacuation in Pakistan during a semi‐announced fire drill

Rafi, Muhammad Masood; Ahmed, Shoaib; Lovreglio, Ruggiero; Dias, Charitha

doi:10.1002/fam.3111

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…For this case study, empirical velocities were used in the Pathfinder program, with minimum and maximum velocities ranging from 0.37 to 1.85 m/s and different accelerations for different agent profiles. Authors such as Rafi et al [72] provide empirical velocity values that fall within the range used in this work. However, the empirical values in [69] backed by [72] correspond to lower pedestrian flow densities than those in the simulations in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Analysis of Pedestrian Behavior for the Optimization of Evacuation Plans in Tall Buildings: Case Study Santiago, Chile

Ternero,

Sepúlveda,

Alfaro

et al. 2023

Buildings

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Countries located in the Pacific Ring of Fire, such as Chile, require robust evacuation plans for tall buildings to manage the ongoing threat of natural disasters. This study presents a methodology for developing evacuation plans by conducting pedestrian movement simulations with agents that have a model of their surroundings. This approach allows us to assess different scenarios and choose the best option based on the specific characteristics of the site. The method combines simulation and data analysis, using the Monte Carlo method to improve emergency evacuations. Initially, Pathfinder software was employed to simulate the evacuation of a tall building. This involved modeling pedestrian movements using a multiagent system. These agents were programmed to behave like real pedestrians and make decisions during evacuation scenarios, providing valuable information. The effectiveness of two evacuation strategies was then evaluated using the simulation data. The proposed methodology was validated using a case study. The simulations showed that the best strategy depends on factors such as the distribution of people, the capacity of the exits, and the time available for evacuation. Finally, the model includes a training process that uses virtual reality technology to improve situational awareness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Authors such as Rafi et al [72] provide empirical velocity values that fall within the range used in this work. However, the empirical values in [69] backed by [72] correspond to lower pedestrian flow densities than those in the simulations in this study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Pedestrian Behavior for the Optimization of Evacuation Plans in Tall Buildings: Case Study Santiago, Chile

Ternero,

Sepúlveda,

Alfaro

et al. 2023

Buildings

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Obtaining real fire evacuation data in hazardous situations is challenging, leading to the use of fire drill data as an alternative to approximate evacuee responses in real emergencies. Several studies have compiled evacuation drill data to understand occupant evacuation behavior, serving as a basis for constructing evacuation models [11,[13][14][15][16][17]. Some researchers have conducted unannounced fire drills to enhance the realism of the data and explore evacuees' behavior [11,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Egress Parameters Governing Assisted Evacuation in Hospital Buildings

Kodur,

Jha,

Lajnef

2024

Fire

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This paper presents the critical egress parameters that influence emergency evacuation in a typical hospital building. A parametric study of a 20-story hospital building is conducted using a computer model “Pathfinder” to simulate the evacuation efficiency and assess the influencing parameters. The main egress parameters that influence the evacuation efficiency, including the location of stairways, number of stairways, location of the fire, exit width, and number of low-speed occupants are varied. Two scenarios are simulated: one being the regular (practice) evacuation drill and the other is the actual fire drill. The result shows that the location of stairways significantly affects the total evacuation time with the optimal stairway arrangement consisting of one stairway outside the core of the building. Similarly, the story level at which the fire occurs is another key parameter with fires at lower levels being critical to dictating the evacuation time in a hospital building. The total evacuation time when the fire occurs between the third and sixth floor is found to be 170 min which is 36% and 15% higher than fires at the top story levels (15–18th floor) and the intermediate story levels (9–12th floor), respectively.

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A study of staff pre‐evacuation behaviors in a Malaysian hotel

Noumeur,

Lovreglio,

Md Said

et al. 2024

Fire and Materials

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Simulating fire and evacuation scenarios is crucial for engineers to assess building safety during fire incidents. Accurate simulations require data on occupants' behaviors, particularly during the pre‐evacuation phase as these decisions significantly impact evacuation duration. Gathering comprehensive data from diverse regions while considering cultural and regional variations is necessary to understand how occupants' behavior is influenced. Thus, this study focuses on examining the behavior of Malaysian hotel staff during unannounced fire drill to gain insights into factors affecting their behavior during pre‐evacuation stage, such as fire experience, fire alarm, drill participation, fire training, and awareness. The study categorizes the actions performed by the hotel staff into sequences and analyses them based on influencing factors. The findings indicate that instead of immediately evacuating in response to emergency notification, the hotel staff engage in various actions. Most staff members initially investigate or ignore the emergency, resulting in longer pre‐evacuation times. Moreover, the results suggest that previous drill participation and high awareness levels contribute to shorter pre‐evacuation times. Conversely, previous fire experience, fire training, and fire alarm familiarity have no effect on pre‐evacuation time.

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Investigating a university library building evacuation in Pakistan during a semi‐announced fire drill

Cited by 3 publications

References 52 publications

Analysis of Pedestrian Behavior for the Optimization of Evacuation Plans in Tall Buildings: Case Study Santiago, Chile

Analysis of Pedestrian Behavior for the Optimization of Evacuation Plans in Tall Buildings: Case Study Santiago, Chile

Critical Egress Parameters Governing Assisted Evacuation in Hospital Buildings

A study of staff pre‐evacuation behaviors in a Malaysian hotel

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