Investigating omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and/or soy protein isolate supplementation on renal inflammation in a rat model of polycystic kidney disease (1034.13)

Abstract

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a leading cause of end stage renal failure, resulting in the need for transplantation or long‐term dialysis. Inflammation is a common pathology in disease severity. Soy protein isoloate (SPI) and omega‐3 fatty acids (n‐3 PUFA’s) have been shown to have anti‐inflammatory properties. Therefore, the objective of the study was to examine the effects of SPI and/or n‐3 PUFA’s on renal inflammation in PKD. Female pck rats (age 28 d) were fed (n=12/group) diets consisting of casein + corn oil (Casein + CO), casein + soybean oil (Casein + SO), SPI + soybean oil (SPI + SO) or SPI + 1:1 soybean/salmon oil (SPI + SB) for 12‐weeks. Kidney fatty acid analysis by gas chromatography showed rats fed Casein + SO and SPI +SB diets had the higher (P = 0.02) renal alpha linoleic acid content compared to the Casein + CO and SPI + SO groups. The SPI + SB group had the highest (P < 0.001) renal docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content. The Casein + CO group had the lowest (P < 0.001) DHA compared to the other diet groups. There were no significant differences in renal eicosapentaenoic acid content among the diet groups. Despite differences in renal n‐3 PUFA content, real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction showed no differences in relative genetic expression levels of cyclooxygenase‐2, peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma or mammalian target of rapamycin. Histological evaluation also showed no differences in renal interstitial inflammation. Based on the results, SPI and/or n‐3 PUFAs did not appear to attenuate PKD severity by reducing inflammation.