2021
DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28778
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Investigating plasma volume expanders as novel macromolecular MRI‐CEST contrast agents for tumor contrast‐enhanced imaging

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate two clinically approved plasma volume expanders (dextran 70 and voluven) as macromolecular MRI-chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) contrast agents to assess tumor vascular properties. Methods: CEST contrast efficiency of both molecules (6% w/v) was measured in vitro at various irradiation saturation powers (1-6 μT for 5 s) and pH values (range, 5.5-7.9) and the exchange rate of hydroxyl protons was calculated. In vivo studies in a murine adenocarcinoma model (n… Show more

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Cited by 7 publications
(8 citation statements)
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References 73 publications
(150 reference statements)
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“…Figure 4 B,C show the CEST contrast of 5 mg/mL LNT (~31.25 mM glucan unit or 10 µM per LNT molecule, MW ~500 kDa according to manufacturer) at different pH values. Similar to glucose [ 36 ] or polysaccharides, including dextran [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] and starch [ 37 ], LNT exhibits a broad CEST signal between 0.5 to 2 ppm, with the CEST peak located at approximately 1 ppm at 2.4 µT; the exact peak position shifted with the strengths of the saturation pulse ( Figure 4 D) due to the fast exchange nature of hydroxyl protons. Figure 4 E also reveals that the CEST contrast of LNT is strongly affected by pH, attributed to decreased exchange rates (i.e., from intermediate exchange range to slow exchange range) of hydroxyl protons at lower pH.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Figure 4 B,C show the CEST contrast of 5 mg/mL LNT (~31.25 mM glucan unit or 10 µM per LNT molecule, MW ~500 kDa according to manufacturer) at different pH values. Similar to glucose [ 36 ] or polysaccharides, including dextran [ 31 , 32 , 33 ] and starch [ 37 ], LNT exhibits a broad CEST signal between 0.5 to 2 ppm, with the CEST peak located at approximately 1 ppm at 2.4 µT; the exact peak position shifted with the strengths of the saturation pulse ( Figure 4 D) due to the fast exchange nature of hydroxyl protons. Figure 4 E also reveals that the CEST contrast of LNT is strongly affected by pH, attributed to decreased exchange rates (i.e., from intermediate exchange range to slow exchange range) of hydroxyl protons at lower pH.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Finally, polymers of glucose units belonging to the class of plasma volume expanders, such as voluven (hydroxyethyl starch, 130 kDa) and dextran 70 (70 kDa), have also been explored as novel and clinically approved macromolecular CEST contrast agents by other groups [58][59][60]. They represent a novel platform based on the hydroxylic protons of the glucose moieties, although they were primarily exploited as blood pool MRI-CEST agents to assess tumor vascularization upon increased accumulation and prolonged contrast enhancement in tumors.…”
Section: Other Non-metabolizable Analogsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To overcome this limitation, macromolecules and superstructures have been explored to substantially boost the sensitivity of CEST MRI, as macromolecule and nanosized systems can be encapsulated or conjugated with a larger number of exchangeable protons. In this context, a few polysaccharides have been studied as diaCEST agents, including dextran, 95,96 glycogen, 97,98 starch 99 and other sugar-based polymers. 100 Similarly to monosaccharides such as glucose, polysaccharides also have a strong CEST signal at around 1 ppm, attributed to hydroxyl protons.…”
Section: Dextran and Glycogenmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Both dextran 70 and Voluven showed in vivo a marked CEST contrast in a breast tumor murine model, with comparable contrast enhancement properties to that observed with a blood-pool gadolinium-based contrast agent. 99…”
Section: Dextran and Glycogenmentioning
confidence: 99%