Investigating regional white matter in schizophrenia using diffusion tensor imaging

Foong, J; Symms, Mark R.; Barker, Gareth J.; Maier, Marc A.; Miller, David H.; Ron, María A.

doi:10.1097/00001756-200203040-00017

Cited by 144 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Not accounted for in these analyses are the few negative studies that exist. Two previous studies reported no differences in FA throughout the brain (Foong et al, 2002;Murakami et al, 2011); others have reported widespread lower FA but did not detect significant differences in the genu of the corpus callosum specifically (Agartz et al, 2001;Foong et al, 2000;Karlsgodt et al, 2008;Kubicki et al, 2008;Seal et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…However, other studies contradict FA reductions in schizophrenia and report no significant FA difference in the genu but only in the splenium (Agartz et al, 2001;Foong et al, 2000), and no FA difference in any WM region (Foong et al, 2002;Kito et al, 2009;Levitt et al, 2010;Wang et al, 2003). Discrepancies in these findings could be attributed to methodological differences, subjective rater-based variation between studies such as region of interest (ROI) placement, and clinical heterogeneity including stage of illness and medication exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Altered Interhemispheric and Temporal Lobe White Matter Microstructural Organization in Severe Chronic Schizophrenia

Holleran

Ahmed

Anderson‐Schmidt

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Diffusion MRI investigations in schizophrenia provide evidence of abnormal white matter (WM) microstructural organization as indicated by reduced fractional anisotropy (FA) primarily in interhemispheric, left frontal and temporal WM. Using tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS), we examined diffusion parameters in a sample of patients with severe chronic schizophrenia. Diffusion MRI data were acquired on 19 patients with chronic severe schizophrenia and 19 age-and gender-matched healthy controls using a 64 gradient direction sequence, (b ¼ 1300 s/mm 2 ) collected on a Siemens 1.5T MRI scanner. Diagnosis of schizophrenia was determined by Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders 4th Edition (DSM-IV) Structured Clinical Interview for DSM disorder (SCID). Patients were treatment resistance, having failed to respond to at least two antipsychotic medications, and had prolonged periods of moderate to severe positive or negative symptoms. Analysis of diffusion parameters was carried out using TBSS. Individuals with chronic severe schizophrenia had significantly reduced FA with corresponding increased radial diffusivity in the genu, body, and splenium of the corpus callosum, the right posterior limb of the internal capsule, right external capsule, and the right temporal inferior longitudinal fasciculus. There were no voxels of significantly increased FA in patients compared with controls. A decrease in splenium FA was shown to be related to a longer illness duration. We detected widespread abnormal diffusivity properties in the callosal and temporal lobe WM regions in individuals with severe chronic schizophrenia who have not previously been exposed to clozapine. These deficits can be driven by a number of factors that are indistinguishable using in vivo diffusion-weighted imaging, but may be related to reduced axonal number or packing density, abnormal glial cell arrangement or function, and reduced myelin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Altered Interhemispheric and Temporal Lobe White Matter Microstructural Organization in Severe Chronic Schizophrenia

Holleran

Ahmed

Anderson‐Schmidt

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…Cingulum bundle abnormalities have also been reported in schizophrenia using both fixed size small ROI Wang et al, 2004), and a directional threshold method . In addition, changes in the genu, but not the splenium of the corpus callosum, have been reported in schizophrenia using the fixed, small ROI method (Foong et al, 2000), and using VBM analysis (Agartz et al, 2001;Ardekani et al, 2003) although this finding was not confirmed in either another VBM analysis that used the same sample as the small ROI method (Foong et al, 2002), or in another study using small ROI and a larger sample size ; see also Table 1). Additionally, internal capsule diffusion abnormalities have been detected in one VBM study (Buchsbaum et al, 1998), but not in a small ROI study nor in two other VBM studies (Agartz et al, 2001;Foong et al, 2002).…”

Section: Dti Schizophrenia Findingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In addition, changes in the genu, but not the splenium of the corpus callosum, have been reported in schizophrenia using the fixed, small ROI method (Foong et al, 2000), and using VBM analysis (Agartz et al, 2001;Ardekani et al, 2003) although this finding was not confirmed in either another VBM analysis that used the same sample as the small ROI method (Foong et al, 2002), or in another study using small ROI and a larger sample size ; see also Table 1). Additionally, internal capsule diffusion abnormalities have been detected in one VBM study (Buchsbaum et al, 1998), but not in a small ROI study nor in two other VBM studies (Agartz et al, 2001;Foong et al, 2002). Further, two studies have investigated differences in the cerebellar peduncles in schizophrenia compared to controls Okugawa et al, 2004), and one did not show differences, while the other demonstrated decrease of the FA in the middle cerebellar peduncles in schizophrenia subjects.…”

Section: Dti Schizophrenia Findingsmentioning

confidence: 97%

A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia

Kubicki

McCarley

Westin

et al. 2007

Journal of Psychiatric Research

691

532

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Both post-mortem and neuroimaging studies have contributed significantly to what we know about the brain and schizophrenia. MRI studies of volumetric reduction in several brain regions in schizophrenia have confirmed early speculations that the brain is disordered in schizophrenia. There is also a growing body of evidence suggesting that a disturbance in connectivity between different brain regions, rather than abnormalities within the separate regions themselves, are responsible for the clinical symptoms and cognitive dysfunctions observed in this disorder. Thus an interest in white matter fiber tracts, subserving anatomical connections between distant, as well as proximal, brain regions, is emerging. This interest coincides with the recent advent of diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), which makes it possible to evaluate the organization and coherence of white matter fiber tracts. This is an important advance as conventional MRI techniques are insensitive to fiber tract direction and organization, and have not consistently demonstrated white matter abnormalities. DTI may, therefore, provide important new information about neural circuitry, and it is increasingly being used in neuroimaging studies of psychopathological disorders. Of note, in the past five years 18 DTI studies in schizophrenia have been published, most describing white matter abnormalities. Questions still remain, however, regarding what we are measuring that is abnormal in this disease, and how measures obtained using one method correspond to those obtained using other methods? Below we review the basic principles involved in MR-DTI, followed by a review of the different methods used to evaluate diffusion. Finally, we review MR-DTI findings in schizophrenia.

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“…Most previous voxel-based DTI reports (Barnea-Goraly et al, 2003;Eriksson et al, 2001;Foong et al, 2002;Rugg-Gunn et al, 2001) have used a method similar to the one used for the voxel-based analysis of the structural scans called "voxel based morphometry".…”

Section: Voxel-based Analysis: Asymmetry Of Diffusion Tensormentioning

confidence: 99%

White matter hemisphere asymmetries in healthy subjects and in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor MRI study

et al. 2004

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Hemisphere asymmetry was explored in normal healthy subjects and in patients with schizophrenia using a novel voxel-based tensor analysis applied to fractional anisotropy (FA) of the diffusion tensor. Our voxel-based approach, which requires precise spatial normalization to remove the misalignment of fiber tracts, includes generating a symmetrical group average template of the diffusion tensor by applying nonlinear elastic warping of the demons algorithm. We then normalized all 32 diffusion tensor MRIs from healthy subjects and 23 from schizophrenic subjects to the symmetrical average template. For each brain, six channels of tensor component images and one T2-weighted image were used for registration to match tensor orientation and shape between images. A statistical evaluation of white matter asymmetry was then conducted on the normalized FA images and their flipped images. In controls, we found left-higher-than-right anisotropic asymmetry in the anterior part of the corpus callosum, cingulum bundle, the optic radiation, and the superior cerebellar peduncle, and right-higher-than-left anisotropic asymmetry in the anterior limb of the internal capsule and the anterior limb's prefrontal regions, in the uncinate fasciculus, and in the superior longitudinal fasciculus. In patients, the asymmetry was lower, although still present, in the cingulum bundle and the anterior corpus callosum, and not found in the anterior limb of the internal capsule, the uncinate fasciculus, and the superior cerebellar peduncle compared to healthy subjects. These findings of anisotropic asymmetry pattern differences between healthy controls and patients with schizophrenia are likely related to neuro-developmental abnormalities in schizophrenia.

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Investigating regional white matter in schizophrenia using diffusion tensor imaging

Cited by 144 publications

References 12 publications

Altered Interhemispheric and Temporal Lobe White Matter Microstructural Organization in Severe Chronic Schizophrenia

Altered Interhemispheric and Temporal Lobe White Matter Microstructural Organization in Severe Chronic Schizophrenia

A review of diffusion tensor imaging studies in schizophrenia

White matter hemisphere asymmetries in healthy subjects and in schizophrenia: a diffusion tensor MRI study

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