Investigating (Rhythm) Variation in Indian English: An Integrated Approach

Prominence and intonation in Singapore English

“…Due to their development through language contact in often highly multilingual environments, these varieties often show significant influence from local indigenous languages, often developing hybrid systems that incorporate prosodic features of both British English and the indigenous contact languages (e.g. Maltese English: Vella 1994; Indian English: Fuchs 2016, Maxwell 2014, Maxwell & Payne 2021. Some varieties like Nigerian and Ghanaian English have also been argued to be tone languages with the edges of lexical words being marked by tone (Gussenhoven 2017, Gussenhoven & Udofo 2010, Gut 2005.…”

“…Further, these systems themselves often exist synchronically within communities that have high degrees of multilingualism. Maxwell and Payne (2021), for example, found that Indian English speakers from different L1 backgrounds showed simultaneous convergence on some prosodic features (e.g. durational marking of lexical stress), but divergence in other aspects, particularly, at the level of phonetic implementation (e.g.…”