Investigating smoking and nicotine dependence among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of linked data from a UK Closing the Gap cohort

Peckham, Emily; Allgar, Victoria; Crosland, Suzanne; Heron, Paul; Johnston, Gordon; Newbronner, Elizabeth; Ratschen, Elena; Spanakis, Panagiotis; Wadman, Ruth; Walker, Lauren; Gilbody, Simon

doi:10.1192/bjo.2021.45

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Almost half of the smokers in our cohort (49.1%) indicated that they had increased their consumption compared to the pre-pandemic situation, while only 8.8% indicated that they had decreased their consumption during the same period. These results are similar to those reported by Peckham et al [ 68 ] who analysed the smoking habits of 367 people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Their results showed an increase in tobacco consumption in 54.5% of those surveyed, and a decrease in 12.1%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Levels of Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Observational Study

et al. 2022

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The movement restrictions put in place as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic required modification of the population’s usual routines, including those of the most vulnerable groups such as patients with schizophrenia. This was a retrospective observational study. We used an online survey to collect information on patient adherence to the Mediterranean diet (Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener questionnaire), physical exercise (International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short Form), and tobacco consumption and levels of anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) before and during the movement restrictions. A total of 102 people with schizophrenia participated in this study. During the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown the participants significantly increased the number of minutes spent sitting per day (z = −6.73; p < 0.001), decreased the time they spent walking (z = −6.32; p < 0.001), and increased their tobacco consumption (X2 = 156.90; p < 0.001). These results were also accompanied by a significant increase in their reported levels of anxiety (z = −7.45; p < 0.001) and depression (z = −7.03, p < 0.001). No significant differences in patient diets during the pandemic compared to before the movement restrictions were reported. These results suggest the need to implement specific programs to improve lifestyle and reduce anxiety and depression during possible future pandemic situations.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Levels of Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Observational Study

et al. 2022

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“…All of the included studies were published in 2021. A total of 45.5% ( n = 5) of the studies were conducted in Europe ( 31 , 33 , 34 , 37 , 40 ), while 36.4% ( n = 4) were conducted in the USA ( 32 , 35 , 38 , 42 ) and 18.2% ( n = 2) in Asia ( 39 , 41 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Smoking Consumption: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

Almeda

Gómez-Gómez

2022

Front. Psychiatry

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The COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global health crisis that has negatively impacted the mental health and wellbeing of the population. A large amount of scientific literature has emerged since 2019, but none of these studies have focused on assessing the impact of COVID-19 on smoking consumption. We aimed to analyse the changes in smoking consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic through longitudinal studies. This systematic review follows the PRISMA Statement. This study was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42021282235). MEDLINE, ERIC, PsycARTICLES, Scopus, Web of Science and PsycINFO databases were searched from inception to 24 October 2021. We completed an extensive assessment of all prospective cohort studies that aimed to explore the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on tobacco consumption habits. According to the PICOS's acronym, we included all population (P) types and studies developed before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (I) with a change in nicotine consumption as the outcome (O), as well as prospective cohort studies. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for observational studies. The results showed that 14 cohorts reported in 11 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria. A total of 58,052 participants were included in the review. Most of the studies pointed out a reduction in the number of cigarettes and e-cigarettes consumed from baseline (before the pandemic) to follow-up (during the pandemic). Only two studies reported an increase in cigarette or e-cigarette consumption from baseline to follow-up. The majority of studies presented a low risk of bias. In conclusion, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on smoking behavior is complex and uncertain. The decrease in smoking consumption during the pandemic could be related to the fear of becoming infected by COVID-19, the advancement of COVID-19, and the reduction in social gatherings. In several cases, the increases in nicotine consumption can be explained by psychological distress. These findings can be used to create strategies to prevent relapses during the post-vaccination phases of the pandemic.Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42021282235.

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“…Across all studies, including cross-sectional and a few longitudinal designs, about 5–70% of the participants reported trying to quit or reduce tobacco use, or reported quitting altogether. 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 Approximately 7–55% of participants increased use or relapsed, 46 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 and 14–93% of participants reported no change in tobacco use. 46 , 47 , 48 , 51 , 53 , 54 , 57 , 58 Importantly, although some studies have reported a decrease in the overall prevalence or amount of cigarette smoking during the pandemic, 59 , 60 others report no change in use frequency or even an increase in the number of cigarettes smoked per day 60 , 61 , 62 , 63 or an increase in the amount of other tobacco products used (eg, cigars, cigarillos).…”

Section: Tobacco Product Use Behaviours During the Pandemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco product use and the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: current understanding and recommendations for future research

Benowitz¹,

Goniewicz²,

Halpern‐Felsher³

et al. 2022

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine

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Investigating smoking and nicotine dependence among people with severe mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic: analysis of linked data from a UK Closing the Gap cohort

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Levels of Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Observational Study

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Lifestyles and Levels of Anxiety and Depression of Patients with Schizophrenia: A Retrospective Observational Study

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Smoking Consumption: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Studies

Tobacco product use and the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19: current understanding and recommendations for future research

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