“…Palloff and Pratt (2001) added a fourth type of interaction that Strachota (2003) labeled learner–technology interaction, referring to learners’ ability and level of comfort in their interactions with online environments (e.g., use of computers, software, and the Internet). Empirical research has shown that these different types of interaction play an important role with regard to achievement outcomes, the experience of meaningful learning, and learner satisfaction ( Driver, 2002 ; Frey and Alman, 2003 ; Strachota, 2003 ; Finlay et al, 2004 ; Chang and Smith, 2008 ; Bernard et al, 2009 ; Abrami et al, 2011 ; Chang, 2013 ; Kuo et al, 2013 ; Alqurashi, 2019 ; Basith et al, 2020 ; Ngo et al, 2021 ).…”