Investigating the Decreased Bone Density Prevalence in People with Common Risk Factors Referred to Al-Zahra Educational-Medical Center in Isfahan City Years of 2018 and 2019

Abstract

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a disease in skeletal system that is recognized by a lack of bone density and degeneration of bone tissue and can lead to increase the risk of bone fracture or even death. So, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of decreased bone density in people with common risk factors referred to Al-Zahra Educational-Medical Center in Isfahan City years 2018-2019.
 Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. 3780 participants were included in the study by census sampling from April 2018 to March 2019. The risk factors considered in this study included gender, age, menopausal age, body mass index, history of mild trauma or fracture after the age of 40, hip fracture, autoimmune diseases, corticosteroid use, diabetes, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, liver diseases, kidney diseases, malnutrition, alcohol consumption, smoking, and weight loss. Patients underwent bone densitometry. The criterion for diagnosing osteoporosis is T score, which indicated the ratio of an individual's bone density to baseline. Data were collected by a checklist and then analyzed in SPSS software version 16 at a significance level of 0.05.
 Results: The hip T-score in 1780 (47.1%) individuals and the spine T-score in 1724 (45.6%) individuals were between -1 and -2.5. There was a significant relation among gender, age, height, weight and body mass index, corticosteroid use, chronic kidney disease, premature menopause, hyperthyroidism, weight loss, autoimmune diseases, hip fracture, and the history of trauma or fracture after the age of 40. hip T score, and there was a significant relationship between age, height, weight and body mass index, hyperthyroidism, weight loss, premature menopause, corticosteroid use, (P> 0.05). Spine T score was related to factors such as age, height, weight and body mass index, hyperthyroidism, weight loss, early menopause, corticosteroid use, history of trauma or fracture after 40 years (P<0.05).
 Conclusion: This study showed that the prevalence of osteoporosis increases with age, and especially women with early menopause, and also in people with a history of trauma or fracture over the age of 40, hip fracture, corticosteroid use, hyperthyroidism, and autoimmune disease, chronic kidney disease, obesity and weight loss are common. Therefore, in order to prevent osteoporosis, necessary measures should be taken to prevent and correct the risk factors.

Smoking, alcohol consumption, drug abuse, and osteoporosis among older adults: a cross-sectional study on PERSIAN cohort study in Fasa

“…In the present study, the variables of gender, history of a bone fracture in the past five years, and history of using glucocorticoids were identified as predicting risk factors of osteoporosis in older adults. On a similar note, in a study by Mousavi et al [ 32 ], gender, use of cortisone, and having a history of a bone fracture after the age of 40 were found to have a significant correlation with bone density. As with the present study, many other studies have confirmed the correlation between being female and an increased risk of osteoporosis [ 5 , 30 , 43 , 44 ].…”

“…The present study’s findings showed that the variables of smoking and drug abuse weren’t identified as predicting risk factors of osteoporosis in older adults. Similarly, a study by Mousavi et al reported that smoking did not correlate with osteoporosis [ 32 ].…”