Investigating the determinants of human development index in Pakistan: an empirical analysis

Khan, Noor Hashim; Ju, Yanbing; Hassan, Syed Tauseef

doi:10.1007/s11356-019-05271-2

Cited by 63 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…We investigate the nexus between FD, AE, and CO 2 emission by incorporating the role of natural resource and POP. Following the empirical study of Wang, Zhang, and Wang (2018a) and Khan, Ju, and Hassan (2019), we have developed the following equation intending to investigate the long‐run and short‐run relationship between the selected variables.

\begin{matrix} true \\ {logCO}_{2 t} = β_{0} + β_{1 t} {logFD}_{t} + β_{2 t} {logAE}_{t} + β_{3 t} {logNR}_{t} \\ + β_{4 t} {logPOP}_{t} + ε_{t} \end{matrix}

where CO 2 stands for carbon emissions, FD stands for financial development, AE for access to electricity, NR for natural resources, and POP for population growth. β 1 , β 2 , β 3 , and β 4 are long‐run estimates of carbon emissions concerning FD, AE, NR, and POP, respectively.…”

Section: Empirical Model Estimation and Econometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nexus between carbon emission, financial development, and access to electricity: Incorporating the role of natural resources and population growth

Khan

Latif

et al. 2020

Journal of Public Affairs

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This study explores the nexus between financial development, access to electricity, and CO2 emissions in Pakistan over the period from 1990 to 2015, incorporating the role of natural resources and population growth. We checked the stationarity of the data by using three different unit root tests (ADF, Phillip Pesaran, and DG‐FLS). Long‐ and short‐run elasticities have been determined through auto‐regressive distributive lag (ARDL) method. The empirical results confirmed that financial development and access to electricity increase CO2 emissions and deteriorate the environmental quality. In addition, the population growth is responsible for growing CO2 emissions in Pakistan, while natural resources have insignificant relation with CO2 emissions. Furthermore, bidirectional causality exists between population growth and natural resources, whereas unidirectional causality is detected among financial development and CO2 emissions, natural resources and population growth, and financial development and population growth. The newly developed findings suggest helpful policy implications to adequately address the issue of CO2 emissions without compromising economic development.

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\begin{matrix} true \\ {logCO}_{2 t} = β_{0} + β_{1 t} {logFD}_{t} + β_{2 t} {logAE}_{t} + β_{3 t} {logNR}_{t} \\ + β_{4 t} {logPOP}_{t} + ε_{t} \end{matrix}

Section: Empirical Model Estimation and Econometric Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nexus between carbon emission, financial development, and access to electricity: Incorporating the role of natural resources and population growth

Khan

Latif

et al. 2020

Journal of Public Affairs

Self Cite

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“…Recent development studies have been concerned with the examination of the key determinants of inclusive human development. For example, a number of studies have stressed the importance of information and communication technologies (ICT) and environmental degradation Khan et al, 2019;Asongu and Odhiambo, 2019), globalisation and natural resource rents as well as economic, political and institutional governance (Asongu and Nwachukwu, 2016;Sinha and Sengupta, 2019;Nathaniel et al, 2021;Pata et al, 2021)…”

Section: Review Of Selected Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Resource rents and inclusive human development in developing countries

2021

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This study aims to empirically verify the effects of natural resource rents on inclusive human development in developing countries. The results from the IV Tobit regression show that natural resource rents have a positive direct effect on inclusive human development in developing countries and that this relationship varies by regional groupings, income levels, level of development and export structure. Looking at the transmission mechanisms, when the interactive variables of governance and environmental quality is introduced, the modulating channel through governance exerts a robust negative synergy effect in the sample of developing countries and positive synergy effects for Africa and low-income countries. When the interactive variable of CO2 emissions is introduced for Africa, a negative net effect of natural resource rents on inclusive human development is obtained. This was up to a policy threshold of 25.4412 of CO2 emissions when the negative effect is nullified. For Asia and the Latin America and Caribbean, a positive net effect is obtained. This is up to a CO2 emissions threshold of 29.038 and 3.6752 respectively, when the positive effect is nullified. Besides, the high income and the upper-middle income countries produce a negative net effect of resource rents on inclusive human development through CO2 modulation, with up to positive CO2 emission thresholds of 37.9365 and 23.6257 respectively. Policy implications are highlighted. In summary, contingent on engaged specificities, where conditional effects are negative, negative thresholds for complementary policies have been provided and in scenarios where conditional impacts are positive, actionable positive thresholds have been provided.

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“…Here, it was also demonstrated that renewable energy had a positive impact on human development. In another study Khan et al [34] used information and communication technologies (ICT) and economic growth as a determinant of human development index. As renewable energy is mostly considered a positive factor in human development and environmental health, investment in renewable energies is very complex and often involving multi criteria decision making (MCDM); some MCDM techniques can also be used to guide policy makers when making the renewable investment decisions [35].…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Renewable Energy and Human Development in OECD Countries: A Panel Data Analysis

et al. 2020

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Renewable energy has attracted researcher attention in recent years, and the number of studies conducted on the topic has increased. The importance of renewable energy has increased because certain energy resources are exhaustible and they damage the environment in various ways. Fossil fuel-based energy is the main culprit for environmental damage and lately renewable energy is the main focus as a safe alternative to fossil fuels. However, replacement of fossil fuels by renewables may have a negative impact on human development, even if it has a positive impact on the environment. With this rationale, this study investigates the relationship between renewable energy and human development in 28 OECD (Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development) countries from 1990 to 2017 by using the Westerlund and Edgerton panel cointegration test with structural breaks and the Dumitrescu and Hurlin causality test. The results of the panel data analysis revealed that renewable energy affected human development positively. In addition, the causality test determined the presence of a bidirectional causality relationship between renewable energy and human development. This study is unique in the sense that it is the only study in the literature examining the relationship between human development index and renewable energy for the countries in question. While similar analyses were conducted in the past for different regions or for just one type of renewable energy, no such study has been conducted in this scale with this method. Another differentiating feature of the study is that it demonstrates the bidirectional nature of the study not just the unidirectional causality. Policymakers are advised to invest in renewable energy projects and also create frameworks which provide incentives to the private sector for renewable energy production.

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Investigating the determinants of human development index in Pakistan: an empirical analysis

Cited by 63 publications

References 57 publications

Nexus between carbon emission, financial development, and access to electricity: Incorporating the role of natural resources and population growth

Nexus between carbon emission, financial development, and access to electricity: Incorporating the role of natural resources and population growth

Resource rents and inclusive human development in developing countries

The Relationship between Renewable Energy and Human Development in OECD Countries: A Panel Data Analysis

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