“…Teacher attitude/behavior Oxford, 1988;Falout&Maruyama, 2004;Arai, 2004;Trang &Baldauf, 2007;Kikuchi, 2009;Pinzón, 2011;Al-Khairy, 2013;Akay, 2017;Clare, et al, 2019;Liu, et al, 2020;Vakilifard, et al, 2020 11 6 Difficulties/improper tasks/ activities Djigunovic', 1998;Ushioda, 1998;Oxford, 2004;Chang & Cho, 2003;Falout&Falout, 2004;Arai, 2004;Sakai & Kikuchi, 2009;Haque, 2009;Yadav &BaniAta, 2013;Çankaya, 2018;Khouya, 2018 7 Teacher competence/qualities / expertise Gorham &Cristophel, 1992;Dӧrnyei, 2001;Hamada &Kito, 2008;Kim, 2009;Sakai & Kikuchi, 2009;Meshkat&Hassani, 2012;Sahragard&Alimorad, 2013;Adara, et al, 2019;Abaunza, et al, 2019 8 Teaching style Trang &Baldauf, 2007;Hamada &Kito, 2008;Sakai & Kikuchi, 2009;Kim, 2009;Pinzón, 2011;Meshkat&Hassani, 2012;Sahragard&Alimorad, 2013;Adara, et al, 2019;Abaunza, et al, 2020 9 Learner negative attitude Dӧrnyei, 2001;Muhonen, 2004;…”