Investigating the effects of methanol-water vapor mixture on a PBI-based high temperature PEM fuel cell

Araya, Samuel Simon; Andreasen, Søren Juhl; Nielsen, Heidi Venstrup; Kær, Søren Knudsen

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2012.09.009

Cited by 43 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…This implies three time constants that correspond to three characteristic frequency intervals are present. Hence, an EC model made up of three Resistance (R) -constant phase element (CPE) loops as shown in Fig.3 is used for impedance data interpretations, similarly to [35,45]. An ideal resistance in series with the three arcs represents the real axis intercept of the impedance.…”

Section: Equivalent Circuit Model Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Reformate-operated High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

Sahlin

Araya

Andreasen³

et al. 2017

IJPER

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This paper presents an experimental characterization of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) short stack carried out by means of impedance spectroscopy. Selected operating parameters; temperature, stoichiometry and reactant compositions were varied to investigate their effects on a reformate-operated stack. Polarization curves were also recorded to complement the impedance analysis of the researched phenomena. An equivalent circuit model was used to estimate the different resistances at varying parameters. It showed a significantly higher low frequency resistance at lower stoichiometry. Both anode and cathode stoichiometric ratio had significant effects on the stack performance during the dry hydrogen and reformate operation modes. In both cases the effects faded away when sufficient mass transport was achieved, which took place at λ anode = 1.3 for dry hydrogen, λ anode = 1.6 for reformate operation and λ cathode = 4. The work also compared dry hydrogen, steam reforming and autothermal reforming gas feeds at 160• C and showed appreciably lower performance in the case of autothermal reforming at the same stoichiometry, mainly attributable to mass transport related issues. In a CO poisoning analysis the stack showed good tolerance to concentration up to 1% CO in the fuel stream.

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Section: Equivalent Circuit Model Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Reformate-operated High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

Sahlin

Araya

Andreasen³

et al. 2017

IJPER

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“…In our previous works, preliminary performance and durability studies of an HT-PEMFC at relatively high methanol-water vapor mixture have been presented [19,20]. High methanol concentrations were tested in order to accelerate tests and they revealed that the vapor mixture has degrading effects if present at concentrations of above 3%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and endurance of a high temperature PEM fuel cell operated on methanol reformate

Araya

Grigoras

Zhou

et al. 2014

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

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This paper analyzes the effects of methanol and water vapor on the performance of a high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) at varying temperatures, ranging from 140 C to 180 C. For the study, a H 3 PO 4 e doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) e based membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of 45 cm 2 active surface area from BASF was employed. The study showed overall negligible effects of methanol-water vapor mixture slips on performance, even at relatively low simulated steam methanol reforming conversion of 90%, which corresponds to 3% methanol vapor by volume in the anode gas feed. Temperature on the other hand has significant impact on the performance of an HT-PEMFC. To assess the effects of methanol-water vapor mixture alone, CO 2 and CO are not considered in these tests. The analysis is based on polarization curves and impedance spectra registered for all the test points. After the performance tests, endurance test was performed for 100 h at 90% methanol conversion and an overall degradation rate of À55 mV/ h was recorded.

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“…Copper-based catalysts, such as Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 are currently the most widely used commercial catalysts for hydrogen production for fuel cell systems with relatively good activity and selectivity, where Cu acts as the active component [158][159][160]. The reforming activity on Cu/ZnO/Al 2 O 3 starts at 160 • C [156], which would be ideal from a system integration point of view with an HT-PEMFC that typically works between 160-180 • C. However, even at around 200 • C around 8% of unconverted methanol slip can be present in the reformate mixture, an amount that is detrimental to HT-PEMFC's performance and lifetime [161,162]. Therefore, it is only above 230 • C that a steam methanol reformer can produce a clean enough reformate mixture (≤2% methanol and ≤1% CO) that is usable in an HT-PEMFC without a cleanup process and without compromising the performance and durability of the fuel cell.…”

Section: Methanol Reformingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

et al. 2020

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This review presents methanol as a potential renewable alternative to fossil fuels in the fight against climate change. It explores the renewable ways of obtaining methanol and its use in efficient energy systems for a net zero-emission carbon cycle, with a special focus on fuel cells. It investigates the different parts of the carbon cycle from a methanol and fuel cell perspective. In recent years, the potential for a methanol economy has been shown and there has been significant technological advancement of its renewable production and utilization. Even though its full adoption will require further development, it can be produced from renewable electricity and biomass or CO2 capture and can be used in several industrial sectors, which make it an excellent liquid electrofuel for the transition to a sustainable economy. By converting CO2 into liquid fuels, the harmful effects of CO2 emissions from existing industries that still rely on fossil fuels are reduced. The methanol can then be used both in the energy sector and the chemical industry, and become an all-around substitute for petroleum. The scope of this review is to put together the different aspects of methanol as an energy carrier of the future, with particular focus on its renewable production and its use in high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) via methanol steam reforming.

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Investigating the effects of methanol-water vapor mixture on a PBI-based high temperature PEM fuel cell

Cited by 43 publications

References 29 publications

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Reformate-operated High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) Characterization of Reformate-operated High Temperature PEM Fuel Cell Stack

Performance and endurance of a high temperature PEM fuel cell operated on methanol reformate

A Review of The Methanol Economy: The Fuel Cell Route

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