Investigating the efficacy of the Egyptian Data Protection Law on Media Freedom: Journalists’ perceptions

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effectiveness of the Egyptian Personal Data Protection Law No. 151 for 2020, as well as its implications for journalistic practice. More specifically, the focal point of this study was to explore how Egyptian journalists interpret the law and its implication for press freedom in Egypt. The underpinning theoretical framework was informed by the Authoritarian school of thought. Questionnaires were distributed to 199 journalists from both independent and semi-governmental representing thirteen official newspapers of Egypt, while in-depth interviews were done with (3) Editors, (4) journalists, and (3) human rights lawyers. The finding of the study indicated that the government placed restrictions on journalists by using Data Protection Law relating to the media. That law is negatively impacting journalists and media houses. It was clear from the findings that the journalists see the law as an obstacle to media independence, as it allows the government to exercise greater information control through digital policy and puts rules of regulation against journalists.

Arab authorities use digital surveillance to control press freedom: journalists’ perceptions

“…Jordan: The Jordanian administration has relied on the Ottoman Publications Law and the Palestinian Publications Law, which, beginning with the 1953 law and ending with the 1998 law, affirmed that freedom of the press and freedom of opinion are guaranteed within the limits of the law (AlAshry, 2022c). Jordan suffers from laws and regulations that restrict media freedom and professional practice.…”

“…162 of 1958, but in October 2021, President Sisi announced the lifting of the state of emergency. But the government used many laws, as the number of detainees reached about 17,000 people, while the total number of political prisoners ranged from 4,000 to 6000 (AlAshry, 2022c). Recently, the government has amended several laws restricting press freedom and opening the door for governments to monitor journalists, such as Press Law 96 of 1996, which prohibits censorship; Combating Information and Communications Technology Crimes Law No.…”