Investigating the function spiral in later life: Aging attitudes, physical activity, and gait

Abstract

This study tests the Function Spiral Model, which proposes that functional decline often occurs prematurely: negative aging attitudes reduce activity engagement, which then advances functional decline via physical deconditioning. A total of 89 adults aged 61-96 ( M = 77) years completed a questionnaire assessing aging attitudes and physical activity and participated in a follow-up assessment of gait/balance and function. Results supported the process model: physical activity mediated the impact of negative aging attitudes on gait/balance, and gait/balance mediated the impact of physical activity on function. Findings highlight multiple points of intervention that could mitigate the acceleration of functional decline in later life.

Factors associated with intrinsic capacity impairment in hospitalized older adults: a latent class analysis

“…In this period, they are experiencing functional decline which challenges their ability to maintain independence and social activities. Individuals without good stress management capabilities lack confidence in dealing with problems and challenges [ 58 ] and they tend to have negative self-perceptions and attitudes toward aging leading to reduced activity engagement in health behaviors and driving a downward spiral of functioning and well-being [ 59 ]. Older adults are encouraged to adopt problem-focused (using medication, healthy diet and exercise, visiting to the doctor) and emotion-focused (reframing, mindfulness) coping approaches to relieve stress [ 60 ].…”