Investigating the Impact of Convergence on the International Spectrum Regulatory Framework

Louis, Jerome; Mallalieu, Kim

doi:10.1109/icsnc.2007.46

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Moreover, both regimes challenge the main norm of the regime which is global harmonization of spectrum allocation as trading enables full flexibility and commons provides spectrum access on demand rather than through a fixed spectrum allocation (Marshall, 2010). The main rationale behind spectrum allocation is the management of interference between radio stations (Louis and Mallalieu, 2007).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Measures such as spectrum refarming have enabled spectrum licensees to modify their frequency assignments in terms of changing the used technologies and end user's applications (e.g., re-farming 2G spectrum to provide 3G applications) (El-Moghazi et al, 2008). Convergence in the service allocation layer occurs when the differences between hitherto standalone services become increasingly blurred (Louis and Mallalieu, 2007). All of those factors facilitate horizontal integration within each of the four layers and disassemble the vertical integration between them.…”

Section: Spectrum Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it has led to the involvement of a new actor in the spectrum ecosystem, namely, over the top service provider. The technology layer has also witnessed convergence between the different technologies, where the same device could be used for applications categorised across different services (e.g., providing broadcasting and mobile services via UMTS technology) (Louis and Mallalieu, 2007). Measures such as spectrum refarming have enabled spectrum licensees to modify their frequency assignments in terms of changing the used technologies and end user's applications (e.g., re-farming 2G spectrum to provide 3G applications) (El-Moghazi et al, 2008).…”

Section: Spectrum Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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World Radiocommunication Conference 12: Implications for the Spectrum Eco-System

2012

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Spectrum allocation is once more a key issue facing the global telecommunications industry. Largely overlooked in current debates, however, is the World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC). Decisions taken by WRC shape the future roadmap of the telecommunications industry, not least because it has the ability to shape the global spectrum allocation framework. In the debates of WRC-12 it is possible to identify three main issues: enhancement of the international spectrum regulatory framework, regulatory measures required to introduce Cognitive Radio Systems (CRS) technologies; and, additional spectrum allocation to mobile service.WRC-12 eventually decided not to change the current international radio regulations with regard to the first two issues and agreed to the third issue. The main implications of WRC-12 on the spectrum ecosystem are that most of actors are not in support of the concept of spectrum flexibility associated with trading and that the concept of spectrum open access is not under consideration. This is explained by the observation that spectrum trading and spectrum commons weaken state control over spectrum and challenge the main principles and norms of the international spectrum management regime. In addition, the mobile allocation issue has shown the lack of conformity with the main rules of the regime: regional spectrum allocation in the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) three regions, and the resistance to the slow decision making procedures. In conclusion, while the rules and decision-making procedures of the international spectrum management regime were challenged in the WRC-12, the main principles and norms are still accepted by the majority of countries.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectrum Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Spectrum Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

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World Radiocommunication Conference 12: Implications for the Spectrum Eco-System

2012

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“…Firstly, allocating spectrum to the different radiocommunication services is the main responsibility of the ITU-R (ITU-R, 2001). The main rationale behind spectrum allocation is the management of interference between radio stations (Louis and Mallalieu, 2007). More specifically, it is argued that the level of protection required by one type of service, may not be suitable for another type of service (ITU-R, 1995).…”

Section: Influence Of International Spectrum Regulations On Wapecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wireless access policy for electronic communications services (WAPECS): Collision between theory and practice

El-Moghazi

Whalley

Irvine

2016

Telecommunications Policy

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Fifty five years ago, Coase suggested in his seminal article "The Federal Communications Commission" that spectrum assignments should be treated in a similar way to property rights where market forces allocate these flexible tradable rights to users with the highest valuations for it. While Coase's idea was appealing and gathered huge momentum in academia scene, the practice did not show much success. Terms of use: Documents inOne of the first practical implementations was initiated in Europe in 2005 under the name "Wireless Access Policy for Electronic Communication Services (WAPECS)". WAPECS aimed at providing more flexibility in the European spectrum management framework by allowing using the spectrum on a technology and service neutral basis. At the international level, the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) have been keen to introduce more flexibility at the international service allocation framework via different measures.One of the main findings of this paper is the identification of different negative perceptions and disagreement on WAPECS and that WAPECS was driven mainly by the European Commission (EC) and few European countries. In addition, concerns over WAPECS include that the flexibility associated with WAPECS may contradict with spectrum use efficiency and that the responsibility of resolving interference moves from the regulator to operators.The assessment of WAPECS influence on the market shows that while WAPECS concept aimed mainly on removing the spectrum usage restriction for the industry, the later did not appreciate nor welcome that due mainly to the high cost and uncertainty associated with flexibility. On the other hand, the interviews revealed several positive impacts of WAPECS including removing technology designation from CEPT decisions.

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The Way Forward

El-Moghazi

Whalley

2021

The International Radio Regulations

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Investigating the Impact of Convergence on the International Spectrum Regulatory Framework

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

World Radiocommunication Conference 12: Implications for the Spectrum Eco-System

World Radiocommunication Conference 12: Implications for the Spectrum Eco-System

Wireless access policy for electronic communications services (WAPECS): Collision between theory and practice

The Way Forward

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