Investigating the Impact of Cu2+ Doping on the Morphological, Structural, Optical, and Electrical Properties of CoFe2O4 Nanoparticles for Use in Electrical Devices

Abstract

This study investigated the production of Cu2+-doped CoFe2O4 nanoparticles (CFO NPs) using a facile sol−gel technique. The impact of Cu2+ doping on the lattice parameters, morphology, optical properties, and electrical properties of CFO NPs was investigated for applications in electrical devices. The XRD analysis revealed the formation of spinel-phased crystalline structures of the specimens with no impurity phases. The average grain size, lattice constant, cell volume, and porosity were measured in the range of 4.55–7.07 nm, 8.1770–8.1097 Å, 546.7414–533.3525 Å3, and 8.77–6.93%, respectively. The SEM analysis revealed a change in morphology of the specimens with a rise in Cu2+ content. The particles started gaining a defined shape and size with a rise in Cu2+ doping. The Cu0.12Co0.88Fe2O4 NPs revealed clear grain boundaries with the least agglomeration. The energy band gap declined from 3.98 eV to 3.21 eV with a shift in Cu2+ concentration from 0.4 to 0.12. The electrical studies showed that doping a trace amount of Cu2+ improved the electrical properties of the CFO NPs without producing any structural distortions. The conductivity of the Cu2+-doped CFO NPs increased from 6.66 × 10−10 to 5.26 × 10−6 ℧ cm−1 with a rise in Cu2+ concentration. The improved structural and electrical characteristics of the prepared Cu2+-doped CFO NPs made them a suitable candidate for electrical devices, diodes, and sensor technology applications.

Statistically Analyzed Heavy Metal Removal Efficiency of Silica-Coated Cu0.50Mg0.50Fe2O4 Magnetic Adsorbent for Wastewater Treatment

“…Dislocations are the asymmetry in a crystal, which occurs due to mismatch of lattice from one part to another part with in a crystal. 30 The dislocation density (δ) and strain (ε) of synthesized samples were calculated by eqs 3 and 4 , while eq 5 is Williamson–Hall’s term that is used to plot the microstrain graph. …”

Influence of preparation method on structural, optical and magnetic properties of synthesized Zn0.5Mg0.5−xNixFe2O4 nano-ferrite

“…Specifically, non-permanent magnetic materials are due to their small M r and H c values, which could be magnetized and demagnetized easily at low field values. This may indicate the formation of the narrow magnetic hysteresis loop [51]. Cationic magnetic moments were produced at tetrahedral and octahedral sites by the super exchange interaction between metal cations that are responsible for the magnetic properties [52].…”

“…They can drag the drug molecules to certain part in the body by the effect of an applied magnet field. Furthermore, ferrites can be classified as soft ferrites that are possible to magnetize and demagnetize easily, while it is difficult in the case of hard ferrites because of greater H c and M r [51,55]. The synthesized samples of coprecipitation method possessed the lowest values of remanent magnetization, M r and coercive field, H c compared to samples of sol-gel method.…”

Potential Antibacterial Applications and Synthesis, Structural, Magnetic, Optical, and Dielectric Characterization of Nickel-Substituted Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles

“…By utilizing the Tauc model, the band gap energy was calculated because it is an appropriate tool for ferrites [37], [38], [39].…”