Investigating the impacts of H2O2 treatment on gills of healthy Atlantic salmon reveals potential changes to mucus production with implications on immune activity

Fernandez-Senac, Carolina; Monaghan, Sean J.; Mascolo, Dario; Baily, Johanna L.; Betancor, Mónica B.; Chalmers, Lynn; Paladini, Giuseppe; Adams, Alexandra; Fridman, Sophie; Bron, James E.

doi:10.1016/j.fsi.2022.06.063

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 44 publications

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“…Previous studies have showed that 50 ppm H 2 O 2 exposure induced redox imbalance and lipid peroxidation in gills [33], while 200 mg/L H 2 O 2 exposure resulted in gill damage of rainbow trout [34]. Meanwhile, H 2 O 2 exposure modulated gill immune activity and disrupted the mucus covering of the gills of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) [35]. It is apparent that existing studies mainly focused on revealing the tissues damage, oxidative stress, and immune response of fish gills under a short-term H 2 O 2 exposure but overlooked the changes in ion transport in H 2 O 2 -exposed fish gills.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure on Ion Transport in Gills of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Mou

Hou

et al. 2023

Fishes

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High environmental hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has been demonstrated to be toxic for fish. However, the response mechanism of fish to chronic H2O2 exposure is not yet well understood. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the alteration in ion transport in gills and analyzed the potential response mechanism after chronic H2O2 exposure. The common carps were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.00 mM of H2O2 for 14 days. The histopathological evaluation results indicated that H2O2 exposure caused incomplete gill filament structure. In the plasma, H2O2 exposure suppressed the potassium (K+) concentration but increased sodium (Na+) concentration. In the gills, the calcium (Ca2+) level was raised, but the K+ and chlorine (Cl−) levels were decreased after H2O2 exposure. After 14 days of exposure, H2O2 prompted the activities of Ca2+/Mg2+-ATPase and H+/K+-ATPase but suppressed Na+/K+-ATPase activity in the gills. Gene transcription analysis showed that the ion-regulation-related genes including nkaa and rhbg were downregulated after H2O2 exposure. In addition, H2O2 exposure upregulated the mRNA levels of cam and camk II, indicating that the Ca2+ singling pathway was activated. In conclusion, our data showed that chronic H2O2 exposure altered gill structure and disturbed ion transport, which further negatively affected the equilibrium of ions and osmotic pressure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Chronic Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure on Ion Transport in Gills of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Mou

Hou

et al. 2023

Fishes

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Development of a rapid test to determine endometritis of cows after calving

Jakupov,

Wehrend,

Abultdinova

et al. 2024

Vet World

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Background and Aim: Postpartum uterine disease, such as endometritis, is widespread in highly productive dairy cows, leading to fertility problems and economic losses. Despite existing diagnostic methods, early and effective detection of uterine infections remains problematic due to the subclinical nature of some conditions. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a rapid diagnostic test for endometritis in cows on different days postpartum (PP). Materials and Methods: The study was carried out on dairy Holstein–Friesian cows (n = 121) kept on farms in northern Kazakhstan. The study included both clinically normal cows and those diagnosed with endometritis, ensuring a comprehensive evaluation of the diagnostic methods across different stages of uterine health. The following laboratory tests were performed to diagnose and evaluate the presence and severity of endometritis in the cows: Nagorny-Kalinovsky test, Whiteside test, Katerinov test, Gavrish silver nitrate test, peroxide test, and clinical tests (rectal and vaginal examination). These tests were specifically chosen to identify inflammatory processes in the uterus, particularly focusing on detecting endometritis. Results: From day 21 to 30 PP, rectal and vaginal examinations were 32% and 28% more effective than the Nagorny-Kalinovsky test and the Whiteside test. From day 61 postpartum, the Whiteside test was 37.5% more effective than the Nagorny-Kalinovsky test. Comparatively, among laboratory diagnostic methods from days 10 to 110 PP, the peroxide test showed the greatest effectiveness in identifying 80.9% of sick animals. In sick animals from day 10 to 20 PP, during the interaction of the cervicovaginal mucus with 10%, 20%, and 30% hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), an 8.1 ± 1.9–8.8 ± 1.6 cm foam column was formed within 4–5 min. Conclusion: The experiment showed that a 10% H2O2 solution yielded better results. Using H2O2 as a diagnostic agent for endometritis in cows has several advantages, including ease of use, it does not require special laboratory conditions and provides a visual reading of the reaction within 4–5 min. A limitation of this study is the focus on H2O2 without exploring other potential reagents that may enhance diagnostic accuracy. Future research could explore the long-term stability of cervicovaginal mucus samples and investigate the integration of additional substances that may expedite the detection of subclinical endometritis and improve the clarity of diagnostic results. Keywords: cervicovaginal mucus, cows, laboratory diagnostics, peroxide test, endometritis.

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Investigating the impacts of H2O2 treatment on gills of healthy Atlantic salmon reveals potential changes to mucus production with implications on immune activity

Cited by 2 publications

References 44 publications

Effect of Chronic Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure on Ion Transport in Gills of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Effect of Chronic Hydrogen Peroxide Exposure on Ion Transport in Gills of Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Development of a rapid test to determine endometritis of cows after calving

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