Investigating the Performance Improvement of a Photovoltaic System in a Tropical Climate using Water Cooling Method

Mah, C.S.; Lim, Boon-Han; Wong, Chee‐Woon; Tan, Ming‐Hui; Chong, Kok‐Keong; Lai, An-Chow

doi:10.1016/j.egypro.2018.12.022

Cited by 52 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Kazem and Chaichan [14] highlighted that water cleaning was the best option to clean the dust accumulation from the PV panel surface in a dusty environment in addition to cooling. Mah et al [15] detailed that water film cooling with an optimal flow rate of 6 lit/min on the front surface of the PV panels improved the power generated by 32 W per 260 W-rated PV module at 1150 W/m 2 solar irradiance.…”

Section: Overview On Cooling Of Spv Modules By Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Performance of the Standalone Rooftop SPV Module during Peak Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature by the Active Cooling of the Rear Surface with Spraying Water and the Front Surface with Overflowing Water

Sargunanathan

Ramanathan²,

Mohideen³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Photoenergy

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The usage of the solar photovoltaic (SPV) module to meet the power demands, especially in residential and office buildings, is inevitable in forthcoming years. The objective of this study is to experimentally investigate the possibility of improving the performance of the standalone rooftop SPV module used in the residential and office buildings during peak solar irradiance and ambient temperature with active cooling of the rear surface alone by spraying water and the front surface alone by water overflowing over it and cooling of the rear and the front surfaces simultaneously. The underneath of the SPV module is attached with a tray with a length of 1580 mm, a width of 640 mm, and a depth of 100 mm. It is filled with 40-70 litres of water. Accouters are made for water overflowing from the tube over the front surface of the module and cooling of the rear surface by spraying water. The rear surface cooling, front surface cooling, and simultaneous cooling of both the surfaces reduce the average operating temperature of the module by 15.52°C (maximum 18.6°C), 24.29°C (maximum 28.7°C), and 28.52°C (maximum 34.7°C), respectively. This temperature reduction leads to the increase in the power output of the 150 W module by 10.70 W, 18.48 W, and 20.56 W and percentage increase in efficiency by 8.778%, 15.278%, and 16.895% for rear, front, and simultaneous cooling of surfaces, respectively. The net power output of the module with the front surface cooling by overflowing (0.9 litre/min) water is higher, i.e., 15.88 W/150 W, and produces installation capacity of 0.4234 watt-hour (Wh) of more energy per watt during the test period 10 AM to 2 PM in a day. The recommended cooling methods eliminate the need for freshwater and separate arrangements to dissipate the heat carried by the circulated water and reduced the power required and quantity of water circulated. They also reduced the heat loads of the room by the shadow effect and by maintaining the tray water above the roof.

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Section: Overview On Cooling Of Spv Modules By Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing the Performance of the Standalone Rooftop SPV Module during Peak Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature by the Active Cooling of the Rear Surface with Spraying Water and the Front Surface with Overflowing Water

Sargunanathan

Ramanathan²,

Mohideen³

et al. 2020

International Journal of Photoenergy

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“…The ideal working temperature of PV solar cells is 25℃, but under natural conditions, the ambient temperature may vary and exceed the ideal working temperature [7][8][9]. Increasing temperature above the ideal temperature can decrease the output power and working efficiency of PV solar cells [10][11][12]. This decrease is a significant challenge in using photovoltaic panels, so a cooling system is needed to reduce and control the temperature of solar cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Photovoltaic Performance Using a Water Spray Cooling System with Different Nozzle Types

Wibowo,

Arifin,

Rachmanto

et al. 2024

IJCMEM

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Applying solar radiation as a renewable energy source using photovoltaic panels has problems, such as work efficiency decreasing when the photovoltaic cell temperature is above the working temperature, thus requiring a cooling method. This research examines the cooling effect of photovoltaic panels using water spray with various types and diameters to reduce the temperature and performance of photovoltaic panels, which was carried out experimentally with solar radiation at 08:00-15:00 local time. The research results show that the water spray cooling system can reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic panel from 61.96 to 36.51℃ and increase efficiency from 10.98 to 14.47% with variations in the full cone nozzle with a hole diameter of 2 mm. Full cone nozzles can provide the best cooling performance compared to hollow cone nozzles and flat fan nozzles due to the more even distribution of water spray on the surface of the photovoltaic panel. Using different nozzle diameters also influences cooling. Based on the research results, the water spray cooling system effectively increases the work efficiency of photovoltaic panels with a 2 mm total cone nozzle variation, producing the highest efficiency.

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“…In a study by Mah et al, the application of the water-cooling system for the PV module at a water flow rate of 6 L/min could increase the net energy gain by 15%. The energy gained by PV with a cooling system was 0.128 kWh and the consumption of energy by the water circulation pump was 0.057 kWh [15]. Moreover, in the active cooling system, an additional mechanical assembly which requires piping and fitting is needed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Elastomeric Coating on the Properties and Performance of Myristic Acid (MA) Phase Change Material (PCM) Used for Photovoltaic Cooling

Aldawood,

Munusamy,

Kchaou

et al. 2023

Coatings

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Nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) latex exhibits excellent tensile properties, chemical resistance, and thermal stability in applications such as gloves and safety shoes due to vulcanization. In this research work, attempts have been made to manipulate the vulcanization to produce thin and compact elastomeric NBR coating on myristic acid (MA) phase change material (PCM) to produce shape-stabilized PCM. The proposal for the use of latex-based elastomeric coating for PCM has been rarely considered in the literature due to a lack of understanding of the crosslink of elastomers. Thus, in this research, the effects of sulfur formulation on the coating performance of NBR on the PCM in terms of latent heat and thermal stability were determined. Leakage analysis indicates that the MA pellet coated with 0.5 phr of sulfur-cured NBR layer (MA/NBR-0.5) successfully eliminates the leakage issue. A tensile analysis revealed that a durable PCM coating layer must possess a combination of the following criteria: high tensile strength, ductility, and flexibility. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) and electron microscopy images showed the formation of thin, compact, and continuous NBR coating when 0.5 phr of sulfur was used. The further increment of sulfur loading between 1.0 and 1.5 phr causes the formation of defects on the coating layers, while non-vulcanized NBR layers seem to be very weak to withstand the phase-change process. The recorded latent heat values of melting and freezing of MA/NBR-0.5 are 142.30 ± 1.38 and 139.47 ± 1.23 J/g, respectively. The latent heat of the shape-stabilized MA/NBR-0.5 PCM is reduced by 32.24% from the pure MA latent heat density. This reduction is significantly lower than the reported latent heat reduction in shape-stabilized PCMs in other works. The thermal cycle test highlights the durability of the coated PCMs by withstanding up to 1000 thermal cycles (2.7 years) with less than 2% changes in latent heat value. Cooling performance test on photovoltaic (PV) module shows that the fabricated shape-stabilized PCM could reduce the temperature of the PV module up to 17 °C and increase the voltage generation by 7.92%. Actual performance analysis of shape-stabilized PCMs on the cooling of the PV module has been rarely reported and could be considered a strength of this work.

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Investigating the Performance Improvement of a Photovoltaic System in a Tropical Climate using Water Cooling Method

Cited by 52 publications

References 8 publications

Enhancing the Performance of the Standalone Rooftop SPV Module during Peak Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature by the Active Cooling of the Rear Surface with Spraying Water and the Front Surface with Overflowing Water

Enhancing the Performance of the Standalone Rooftop SPV Module during Peak Solar Irradiance and Ambient Temperature by the Active Cooling of the Rear Surface with Spraying Water and the Front Surface with Overflowing Water

Optimization of Photovoltaic Performance Using a Water Spray Cooling System with Different Nozzle Types

Effect of Elastomeric Coating on the Properties and Performance of Myristic Acid (MA) Phase Change Material (PCM) Used for Photovoltaic Cooling

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