Investigating the Proper Application Rate of Nitrogen under Mulched Drip Irrigation to Improve the Yield and Quality of Tomato in Saline Soil

Ji-feng, Zhang; Wang, Zhenhua; Fan, Botao; Hou, Yusheng; Dou, Yunqing; Ren, Zhenglong; Chen, Xiaojie

doi:10.3390/agronomy10020293

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Biomass accumulation, reflecting the plant life-sustaining activities, is an optimum indicator for evaluating various stresses on plants [47]. Vermicompost increased the plant dry matter accumulation and yield of the tomato plant under salt stress (Figures 3A and 9A), which is consistent with the results observed in rice [55] and wheat [17]. Root activity decreased under salt stress but significantly increased by VM application (Figure 3C).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Vermicompost Improves Tomato Yield and Quality by Promoting Carbohydrate Transport to Fruit under Salt Stress

Wu,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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To explore the effect of vermicompost on the yield and quality of tomato cultivated in salty soil, we investigated the soil chemical properties, the yield, vitamin C, organic acid, soluble solids, and nitrate of fruit, photosynthesis, and carbohydrates of plants grown under various salt levels applied with the application of either commercial chemical fertilizers, cow manure, or vermicompost. Results showed that the tomato yield was not increased from the chemical fertilizer application, while there was an increase from the cow manure and vermicompost (increased 31.7% and 65.2%, respectively) under salt stress. Compared to no salt stress, the contents of vitamin C, organic acid, soluble solids, and nitrate increased 26.55%, 40.59%, 46.31%, and 35.08%, respectively, under salt stress (2 g NaCl·kg−1 soil). Compared with the Control, the application of chemical fertilizers failed to improve the sugar/acid ratio but increased nitrate content, while cow manure and vermicompost improved the sugar/acid ratio by 42.0% and 73.1%, respectively. Particularly, vermicompost increased vitamin C and reduced nitrate to the greatest extent among the different fertilizer treatments. The decrease in sodium (Na+) in the roots and leaves, increase in carbohydrates in fruit, and photosynthetic efficiency of leaves imply an amendment effect of vermicompost on salt stress. Moreover, vermicompost also facilitated the transit of carbohydrates from leaves to fruits by increasing the accumulation of nitrogen, phosphate, and potassium in fruits, leaves, and roots, while decreasing proline and soluble protein accumulation in leaves and roots. In conclusion, vermicompost could alleviate the adverse effect of salt stress and improve tomato yield and fruit quality by improving the photosynthetic capacity and promoting carbohydrate transport to fruit. The findings give a new perspective on the beneficial effect of vermicompost on tomato yield and quality.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Vermicompost Improves Tomato Yield and Quality by Promoting Carbohydrate Transport to Fruit under Salt Stress

Wu,

Chen,

Liu

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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“…The three sampling zones in the cotton field were located at 1 4 , 1 2 , and 3 4 of the diagonal distance from the northeast corner to the southwest corner of the field (Figure 1d). All sampling zones were marked after the first sampling to ensure consistency.…”

Section: Sampling Processes and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sustainable and efficient utilization of saline-alkaline soils is a critical step toward increasing the amount of arable land and its agricultural production capacity, protecting food security in many parts of the world, including maintaining a minimum of 1.8 billion acres of crop production in China [1]. The saline-alkaline soil area in Xinjiang is 1.23 × 10 6 ha, which accounts for nearly one third of total saline-alkaline soil in China [2,3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations of Soil Salinity and Cotton Growth under Six-Years Mulched Drip Irrigation

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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The lowering of salt content in the field, especially in arid areas, after consecutive application of mulched drip irrigation (MDI) is of vital importance for sustainable cotton plantation. To elucidate the effects of long-term MDI on soil properties and cotton growth, this paper systematically monitored the soil salinity, ion concentrations and the yield of cotton in the field using MDI consecutively for six years in a typical oasis in Xinjiang, China. The results showed that MDI could significantly change salt distribution in the cotton field. During the six years tested, the soil salt content using MDI declined fast at first, and then the decline rate gradually decreased. In the 1st and 2nd year, the average salt content within 0–100 cm soil layer was larger than 20 g kg−1, which belonging to the saline soil. Then the salt content decreased to 10–20 g kg−1 in the 3rd and 4th year, and the cotton field declined to heavily saline soil. After 5 years of MDI, the soil turned to non-salinized. The Cl− and SO42− equivalence ratio (CSER) also decreased with the increase of application years of MDI. Saline-alkaline land developed from chloride-sulphate solonchak (0.2 < CSER < 1) into sulphate solonchak (CSER < 0.2) after 6 years of MDI. The survival rate of the cotton increased from 1.48% (1 year of MDI) to 76.3% (6 years of MDI), and the yield increased from 72.43 kg ha−1 to 4515.48 kg ha−1. When the average CSER, SAR and the soil salinity in 0–140 cm soil layer decreased to 0.60, 0.98 (mol kg−1)0.5 and 6.25 g kg−1, farmers can achieve a balance between income and expenditure. Moreover, when CSER, SAR, and the soil salinity continuously decreased to 0.44, 0.69 (mol kg−1)0.5 and 0.77 g kg−1, the cotton yield will exceed the average production level of cotton in Xinjiang. Under the current irrigation schedule in the oasis irrigation area, the soil salinity and groundwater level after applying MDI could be conducive to cotton growth. However, this situation had also caused a waste of nearly 200 mm of water resources. Therefore, authors suggested that further research on water-saving irrigation systems suitable for different soil conditions should be carried out, and also the differential quota management in production practice should be adopted.

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“…Furthermore, soil salinity may disturb the balance of nitrogen, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, and boron in plants, cause imbalances in nutrition or interfere with nutrient uptake [ 7 , 9 , 10 ]. Soil salt plays a major role in affecting the fluorescence parameters, yield, and quality of most processing tomatoes compared to nitrogen, and reducing nitrogen could obtain higher yields in areas with high salinity [ 11 , 12 ]. It has been reported that saline water ice performs better than freshwater ice due to it increasing the yield of rice and saving freshwater resources [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Does Short-Term Combined Irrigation Using Brackish-Reclaimed Water Cause the Risk of Soil Secondary Salinization?

Liu

Cui

Wang

et al. 2022

Plants

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Brackish water has to be used to irrigate crops for harvest due to the scarcity of freshwater resources. However, brackish water irrigation may cause secondary soil salinization. Whether the combined utilization of different non-conventional water resources could relieve the risk of secondary soil salinization has not been reported. In order to explore the safe and rational utilization of brackish water in areas where freshwater resources are scarce, a pot experiment was conducted to study the risk of secondary soil mixed irrigation and rotational irrigation using brackish water and reclaimed water or freshwater. The results indicated that: (1) Short-term irrigation using reclaimed water did not cause secondary soil salinization, although increasing soil pH value, ESP, and SAR. The indices did not exceed the threshold of soil salinization. (2) Compared with mixed irrigation using brackish–freshwater, the contents of soil exchangeable Ca2+, K+, and Mg2+ increased, and the content of soil exchangeable Na+ decreased under rotational irrigation using brackish-reclaimed water. In addition, the contents of soil exchangeable Na+ and Mg2+ under mixed irrigation or rotational irrigation were significantly lower, and the exchangeable K+ content of the soil was higher compared with brackish water irrigation. The exchangeable Ca2+ content under rotational irrigation was higher than that of brackish water irrigation, while the reverse was seen under mixed irrigation. (3) For different combined utilization modes of brackish water and reclaimed water, the ESP and SAR were the lowest under rotational irrigation, followed by mixed irrigation and brackish water irrigation. The ESP under brackish water treatment exceeded 15%, indicating a certain risk of salinization, while ESPs under other treatments were below 15%. Under mixed irrigation or rational irrigation using reclaimed-brackish water, the higher the proportion or rotational times of reclaimed water, the lower the risk of secondary soil salinization. Therefore, short-term combined irrigation using brackish water and reclaimed water will not cause the risk of secondary soil salinization, but further experiments need to verify or cooperate with other agronomic measures in long-term utilization.

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Investigating the Proper Application Rate of Nitrogen under Mulched Drip Irrigation to Improve the Yield and Quality of Tomato in Saline Soil

Cited by 4 publications

References 35 publications

Vermicompost Improves Tomato Yield and Quality by Promoting Carbohydrate Transport to Fruit under Salt Stress

Vermicompost Improves Tomato Yield and Quality by Promoting Carbohydrate Transport to Fruit under Salt Stress

Variations of Soil Salinity and Cotton Growth under Six-Years Mulched Drip Irrigation

Does Short-Term Combined Irrigation Using Brackish-Reclaimed Water Cause the Risk of Soil Secondary Salinization?

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