Investigating the Protective Role of Rhodanese Enzyme against Cyanide, the Cytotoxic by-product of Amygdalin, in HDF and L929 Cell Lines

Abstract

Introduction: Amygdalin (AMG) is a plant-based agent that has many therapeutic applications. Metabolism of this herbal remedy may cause cytotoxicity in cells. Objective: In this study, the role of rhodanese (RH) enzyme against the cyanide of amygdalin has been investigated in human and mouse cell lines in vitro Method: : We analyzed the cytotoxicity, morphologic changes, apoptotic effects, and gene expression alterations resulting from treatment with AMG and AMG combined with RH (AMG-RH) in mouse fibroblasts (L929) and human dermal fibroblasts (HDF) cell lines. Result: The lowest half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were 87.95±3.63 mg/ml and 80.82±2.13 mg/ml at 72 h in both cell lines. Cell viability of both cell lines was significantly decreased after AMG treatment; however, it increased following treatment with AMG-RH for 24, 48, and 72 h. Morphological changes were observed in both cell lines after AMG treatment for 72 h. AMG-RH combination did not cause any significant morphological alterations in either cell line. Conclusion: The apoptosis rates were increased in both cell lines treated with AMG and decreased in AMG-RH treatment for 72 h. BAX, CASP-3, BCL-2, and TST genes were upregulated after treatment with AMG for 72 h in both cell lines. BCL-2 and TST genes were upregulated, while BAX and CASP3 were downregulated after treatment with AMG-RH for 72 h. The findings of this study indicate the IC50 dose of AMG could cause cytotoxicity in HDF and L929 cell lines. Furthermore, it was found that the RH enzyme could decrease AMG cytotoxicity and might have a protective role against AMG.

Dose-Dependent Toxicological and Histological Effects of Chloramphenicol in Nude Mice

“…Chloramphenicol dramatically decreased cell viability at increasing doses, as seen by the findings of the MTT cytotoxicity experiment. At the highest dose of 100 mg/kg body weight, cell viability in the tissues of the liver, kidney, and heart decreased by 39.02 percent, 43.04 percent, and 36.25 percent [15]. These findings show the chloramphenicol's dosedependent cytotoxicity, with higher doses significantly lowering cell viability in all organ tissues under study.…”

Adipose cell induction under the impacted tooth and extraction facilities (Clinical therapy)

“…Dental care has become more difficult to get as a direct consequence of their being less people utilizing adipose transplanted patients [48,49] . A recent study found that the majority of oral surgeons stop taking warfarin before conducting low-risk procedures on patients who have received adipose transplants [50][51][52][53] . This was the recommendation made by the researchers of the study.…”