Investigating the Relationship of Handgrip Strength and the risk of Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality though NHANES Studies

Abstract

Background While research has highlighted an inverse correlation between handgrip strength (HGS) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk, the precise impact of HGS on CKD remains unquantified. Moreover, the association between HGS and all-cause mortality in CKD patients warrants further investigation.Method Our research employs logistic regression, cubic spline analysis, and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to examine the relationship between HGS and the risk of CKD, as well as to assess the varying mortality risks among NHANES participants with and without CKD.Result During 9018 person-years of follow-up, 660 all-cause deaths occurred. After multivariable adjustment, NHANES data analysis reveals an inverse J-shaped relationship between combined HGS and CKD risk across genders, with risk increasing as HGS falls below 68 kg for women and 86 kg for men. High combined HGS is associated with a significant 71.6% reduction in the risk of all-cause mortality when compared to low combined HGS. In patients with CKD, a higher HGS is associated with lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, evidenced by hazard ratios (HRs) of 0.96 for males (95% CI: 0.9–0.98; p < 0.001) and 0.97 for females (95% CI: 0.95–0.99; p = 0.038). Additionally, an increase in HGS is linked to a decrease in all-cause mortality, with HRs of 0.98 for both males (95% CI: 0.96–0.99; p = 0.004) and females (95% CI: 0.96–0.99; p = 0.022). Conversely, no significant association between HGS and mortality was observed in individuals without CKD.Conclusion The strong evidence highlights the crucial role of HGS in diminishing the risk of CKD and its link to increased survival rates.