Investigating the Short-Term Effect of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy on Different Neuronal Sub-classes in Circumvallate Papilla in Rats

Abstract

Background: Diabetes Miletus (DM) is a major chronic disease that is spreading at an alarming rate worldwide because of genetic and environmental factors. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy is one of the most common complications of DM, where one of its manifestations is the impaired taste perceptions.Aim: This study was performed to assess the effect of Diabetes Miletus on the nerves, taste buds' synaptic junction and ganglion cells of Circumvallate papilla including their three neuronal sub-classes.Methodology: 12 animals were used in this experiment. Diabetes type 2 was induced in 6 male Wistar rats by feeding them 10% fructose solution for 2 weeks, followed by a single dose intra-peritoneal injection of STZ (40 mg/kg body weight). After rats were confirmed diabetic, they were left for five weeks. The Circumvallate papillae were examined by histopathological, Histomorphometric, and immunological analysis. The protein levels of CGRP, AChE, NGF, SNAP-25, and NOS were evaluated.Results: Histological results showed notable increase in gustatory epithelium thickness, diminished taste buds' number as well as elevation in inflammatory cells level in the diabetic group. In contrast to control group, experimental group showed a higher significant NOS values compared to control group at p=0.01. For CGRP, AChE, NGF and SNAP25; experimental group showed lower values compared to control group at p < 0.05. Conclusion:The short-term STZ induced diabetes has a destructive effect on different neural elements of CVP in rat including taste buds, synaptic proteins, nerves, and neurons.