Investigating the Social Facilitation Effect in Human–Robot Interaction

Wechsung, Ina; Ehrenbrink, Patrick; Schleicher, Robert; Möller, Sebastian

doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8280-2_15

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…The latter is known as social inhibition. This has also been observed for interaction with ECAs (Sproull et al 1996) and robots (Riether et al 2012;Wechsung et al 2012a). One explanation of this effect is an increase in attention and arousal due to the social situation (Guerin 1993).…”

Section: Social Facilitationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Evaluating embodied conversational agents in multimodal interfaces

et al. 2015

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Based on cross-disciplinary approaches to Embodied Conversational Agents, evaluation methods for such human-computer interfaces are structured and presented. An introductory systematisation of evaluation topics from a conversational perspective is followed by an explanation of social-psychological phenomena studied in interaction with Embodied Conversational Agents, and how these can be used for evaluation purposes. Major evaluation concepts and appropriate assessment instruments -established and new ones -are presented, including questionnaires, annotations and log-files. An exemplary evaluation and guidelines provide hands-on information on planning and preparing such endeavours.

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Section: Social Facilitationmentioning

confidence: 76%

Evaluating embodied conversational agents in multimodal interfaces

et al. 2015

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“…The lack of mutual gaze established with the robot in the children study played a part in the lack of results between our conditions. It has also been previously reported that when participants are working on difficult tasks [36] or are more focused on task performance [17], they tend to ignore embodied social behavior, or even consider it distracting. Researchers performing gaze research in HRI should take into consideration the selection of an appropriate task and interaction context that provides significant opportunities to observe the robot's behavior.…”

Section: Study 2 -Replicating With Childrenmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effects of Different Interaction Contexts when Evaluating Gaze Models in HRI

Pereira

Oertel

Fermoselle³

et al. 2020

Proceedings of the 2020 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction

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We previously introduced a responsive joint attention system that uses multimodal information from users engaged in a spatial reasoning task with a robot and communicates joint attention via the robot's gaze behavior [25]. An initial evaluation of our system with adults showed it to improve users' perceptions of the robot's social presence. To investigate the repeatability of our prior findings across settings and populations, here we conducted two further studies employing the same gaze system with the same robot and task but in different contexts: evaluation of the system with external observers and evaluation with children. The external observer study suggests that third-person perspectives over videos of gaze manipulations can be used either as a manipulation check before committing to costly real-time experiments or to further establish previous findings. However, the replication of our original adults study with children in school did not confirm the effectiveness of our gaze manipulation, suggesting that different interaction contexts can affect the generalizability of results in human-robot interaction gaze studies.

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“…Within a board game scenario, Cruz-Maya et al (2015) found SFE/SIE when a social robot was present during the completion of both easy and difficult levels, respectively. However, other studies could only demonstrate SFE/SIE under certain circumstances-when the robot had a cartoonish appearance (Wechsung et al, 2014), when it was introduced as unlikeable (Spatola et al, 2018), or when it demonstrated social capacities (Spatola et al, 2019(Spatola et al, , 2020-indicating boundary conditions.…”

Section: Social Facilitation/inhibition Effects With Social Robotsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…So, although the designs were well suited for testing the mere-presence mechanism, it precludes identifying any effects that could emerge as a function of evaluation apprehension. In both Cruz-Maya et al (2015) and Wechsung et al (2014), the stimulus robot took a much more active evaluative role that included direct evaluations during task completion. Rather than limiting which psychological mechanisms might be in action, Sterna et al (2019) argued that such direct feedback alters the phenomenon of interest.…”

Section: Social Facilitation/inhibition Effects With Social Robotsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The observant android: Limited social facilitation and inhibition from a copresent social robot.

Koban¹,

Haggadone²,

Banks³

2021

Technology, Mind, and Behavior

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Human-robot collaborations that operate in shared spaces are anticipated to become increasingly common in coming years. Decades of social psychological research have revealed that human observers positively influence people's performance in dominant and negatively in nondominant tasks. While studies indicate moderate support for social facilitation/inhibition effects with robot observers, this evidence is hotly debated. Addressing known methodological criticism, this study investigates how a copresent robot-observer affects Stroop task performance and whether perceptions of that robot's mental capacities have explanatory value. Results reveal limitations in transferring social facilitation/inhibition theory to robots. Since participants reported high task attention levels across conditions, emerging flow states may have helped them circumvent social facilitation/inhibition mechanisms. It may thus be recommended for future research to consider flow dynamics when investigating social performance effects.

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Investigating the Social Facilitation Effect in Human–Robot Interaction

Cited by 12 publications

References 14 publications

Evaluating embodied conversational agents in multimodal interfaces

Evaluating embodied conversational agents in multimodal interfaces

Effects of Different Interaction Contexts when Evaluating Gaze Models in HRI

The observant android: Limited social facilitation and inhibition from a copresent social robot.

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