Investigating whether adverse prenatal and perinatal events are associated with non-clinical psychotic symptoms at age 12 years in the ALSPAC birth cohort

Zammit, Stanley; Odd, David; Horwood, Jeremy; Thompson, Andrew; Thomas, Kyla H; Menezes, Paulo Rossi; Gunnell, David; Hollis, Chris; Wolke, Dieter; Lewis, Glyn; Harrison, Glynn

doi:10.1017/s0033291708005126

Cited by 110 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…[10][11][12][13][14] Recent epidemiological studies further document the relationship between obstetric complications and schizophrenia, psychosis-like symptoms or deficits in cognitive function. 15,16 Using standardized scales that comprehensively evaluate and weight the presumed potential for obstetric conditions and events to cause central nervous system damage, several case-control studies revealed higher scores on obstetric complication scales for patients with schizophrenia than for healthy individuals. 10,[17][18][19] Fetal hypoxia has been proposed as a common denominator for most of these pre-and perinatal events.…”

Section: 7-9mentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmental analysis of genes associated with schizophrenia: hypoxia and vascular factors as interacting elements in the neurodevelopmental model

et al. 2012

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Investigating and understanding gene-environment interaction (G Â E) in a neurodevelopmentally and biologically plausible manner is a major challenge for schizophrenia research. Hypoxia during neurodevelopment is one of several environmental factors related to the risk of schizophrenia, and links between schizophrenia candidate genes and hypoxia regulation or vascular expression have been proposed. Given the availability of a wealth of complex genetic information on schizophrenia in the literature without knowledge on the connections to environmental factors, we now systematically collected genes from candidate studies (using SzGene), genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and copy number variation (CNV) analyses, and then applied four criteria to test for a (theoretical) link to ischemia-hypoxia and/or vascular factors. In all, 55% of the schizophrenia candidate genes (n = 42 genes) met the criteria for a link to ischemia-hypoxia and/or vascular factors. Genes associated with schizophrenia showed a significant, threefold enrichment among genes that were derived from microarray studies of the ischemia-hypoxia response (IHR) in the brain. Thus, the finding of a considerable match between genes associated with the risk of schizophrenia and IHR and/or vascular factors is reproducible. An additional survey of genes identified by GWAS and CNV analyses suggested novel genes that match the criteria. Findings for interactions between specific variants of genes proposed to be IHR and/or vascular factors with obstetric complications in patients with schizophrenia have been reported in the literature. Therefore, the extended gene set defined here may form a reasonable and evidence-based starting point for hypothesis-based testing of G Â E interactions in clinical genetic and translational neuroscience studies.

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Section: 7-9mentioning

confidence: 99%

An environmental analysis of genes associated with schizophrenia: hypoxia and vascular factors as interacting elements in the neurodevelopmental model

et al. 2012

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“…One recent study found no unique association between gestation and psychotic like symptoms in 12 year olds. However, maternal infection in pregnancy, maternal diabetes, the need for resuscitation and low 5-minute APGAR scores were predictors of psychotic symptoms at 12 years [90]; in turn, these factors are all associated with increased risk of preterm birth. The aforementioned registry studies from Sweden and Denmark also indicate a substantially increased risk for the development of psychosis including both non-affective psychosis, such as schizophrenia, and bipolar affective psychosis with decreasing gestation at birth (Table 2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Behavioural outcomes and psychopathology during adolescence

Johnson¹,

Wolke²

2013

Early Human Development

128

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Preterm birth is associated with an increased risk of residual neurodevelopmental disability and cognitive impairment. These problems are closely associated with psychiatric disorders and thus it is unsurprising that preterm birth also confers high risk for poor long-term mental health. The risk associated with preterm birth is not a general one, but appears to be specific to symptoms and disorders associated with anxiety, inattention and social and communication problems, and manifest in a significantly higher prevalence of emotional disorders, ADHD and Autism. Adolescence is a key period for mental health and studies have shown that problems evident in childhood persist over this time and are more stable among preterm individuals than term-born peers. There is also modest evidence for an increased prevalence of psychotic symptoms in preterm adolescents. The high prevalence of psychiatric disorders, present in around 25% of preterm adolescents, requires long term screening and intervention.Keywords: preterm; behavior; autism spectrum disorders; ADHD; anxiety; psychiatric disorders. documented the continuing rise in global preterm birth rates and highlighted prematurity as a major cause of long term loss of human potential amongst survivors throughout the world. With concurrent improvements in survival rates for babies born at extremely low gestations [2], growing numbers of children will exert increasing demands on schools, societies and healthcare systems in coming years. An understanding of the long term sequelae of preterm birth is important for the provision of appropriate ongoing care for individuals and for service planning at the population level.This is the case not just for neonatal services, but also for child and adolescent mental health services and education systems. Preterm birth is associated with a high risk of residual disability across multiple functional domains which affects individuals throughout their lifespan.[3] Whilst severe neurosensory disabilities were once thought to be the major adverse outcomes, populationbased cohort studies have shown that cognitive deficits and behaviour, social and emotional problems are far more prevalent and account for a substantial proportion of long term impairment.[4-6] Increasingly, it is recognised that these problems are not confined to a small cluster of individuals with the most severe adverse outcomes but affect a large proportion of preterm survivors to a greater or lesser degree. In this paper we review literature pertaining to the nature and severity of behaviour, emotional and social problems and psychiatric disorders in adolescents born preterm. Adolescence and mental healthAdolescence is typically determined using chronological age and is defined by the World HealthOrganisation as the period from 10 to 19 years of age. It is a time of rapid growth and development marking the transition from childhood to adulthood, during which individuals experience major physical, social and emotional changes. The biological and physical maturation a...

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“…'Hypomania plus previous PE' was also studied as an outcome. PE were assessed using the semistructured Psychosis-Like Symptoms interview (PLIKSi) administered at ages 12 and 18 [34]. The…”

Section: Sample Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero or during early childhood and risk of hypomania: Prospective birth cohort study

et al. 2017

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Objectives Using data from a prospective birth cohort, we aimed to test for an association between exposure to tobacco smoke in utero or during early development and the experience of hypomania assessed in young adulthood.Methods We used data on 2,957 participants from a large birth cohort (Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, ALSPAC). The primary outcome of interest was hypomania, and the secondary outcome was 'hypomania plus previous psychotic experiences (PE)'. Maternally-reported smoking during pregnancy, paternal smoking and exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) in childhood were the exposures of interest. Multivariable logistic regression was used and estimates of association were adjusted for socio-economic, lifestyle and obstetric factors.Results There was weak evidence of an association between exposure to maternal smoking in utero and lifetime hypomania. However, there was a strong association of maternal smoking during pregnancy within the sub-group of individuals with hypomania who had also experienced psychotic symptoms (OR = 3·45, 95%CI 1·49=7·98, P = 0·004). There was no association between paternal smoking, or exposure to ETS during childhood, and hypomania outcomes. ConclusionsExposure to smoking in utero may be a risk factor for more severe forms of psychopathology on the mood-psychosis spectrum, rather than DSM-defined bipolar disorder.

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Investigating whether adverse prenatal and perinatal events are associated with non-clinical psychotic symptoms at age 12 years in the ALSPAC birth cohort

Cited by 110 publications

References 32 publications

An environmental analysis of genes associated with schizophrenia: hypoxia and vascular factors as interacting elements in the neurodevelopmental model

An environmental analysis of genes associated with schizophrenia: hypoxia and vascular factors as interacting elements in the neurodevelopmental model

Behavioural outcomes and psychopathology during adolescence

Exposure to tobacco smoke in utero or during early childhood and risk of hypomania: Prospective birth cohort study

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