The article is devoted to the creation of an applied intelligent system used for diagnosis and management of illness cognition of neurological pathology patients (IS DIMIC). The applied IS DIMIC is constructed based on the intelligent instrumental software IMSLOG using matrix method of data and knowledge representation, test methods for pattern recognition, fault-tolerant irredundant unconditional diagnostic tests and fault-tolerant mixed diagnostic tests. The application of applied IS DIMIC will allow to reveal various kinds of regularities of the patients’ illness cognition on the basis of features that determine the peculiarities of basic constructs reflecting the process of cognitive overestimation of the illness consequences. The applied IS DIMIC will allow to make diagnostic decisions and justify them using graphic tools, including cognitive ones, which is very important for patient rehabilitation management.