Investigation and management of cardiovascular disease in rabbits

Reusch, Brigitte

doi:10.1136/inpract.27.8.418

Cited by 27 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The animals studied had the same electrical axis measurement as that presented by non-anesthetized agouti (-160 to 180°) (Diniz et al 2013), and there was little variation in the syntopic relationship between the heart and the thoracic cavity, reaffirming the morphological aspect of the thoracic cavity of this species. The values of the electric axis for agoutis are closer to those found for rabbits (Reusch 2005, Lord et al 2010) than those reported for cats (Tilley 1992), even though the latter species is similar in size to the animals studied. As a result, we can understand that the relation of the heart size to the thorax directly influences the heart axis of each species (and even each breed within the same species, as reported for dogs by Tilley (1992)); therefore, specific studies are needed to determine the standard for each species.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Computerized electrocardiogram in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam

Diniz

Pessoa

Moura³

et al. 2017

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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An electrocardiogram is a test that assesses heart electrical activity and is applied more frequently in the veterinary care of wild animals. The present study aimed to define the electrocardiogram pattern of agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam. Eighteen clinically healthy agoutis (D. prymnolopha) were used from the Nucleus for Wild Animal Studies and Conservation (NEPAS) of the Federal University of Piauí, Brazil. The animals were chemically restrained with 5% ketamine hydrochloride at a dose of 15mg/kg and midazolam at a dose of 1mg/kg by intramuscular injection. Electrocardiogram tests were carried out by a computerized method with the veterinary electrocardiogram [Acquisition Model for Computer (ECG - PC version Windows 95) Brazilian Electronic Technology (TEB) consisting of an electronic circuit externally connected to a notebook computer with ECGPC-VET (TEB) software installed on the hard disc. In analysing the EKG results, significant differences were observed for QRS complex duration, PR and QT intervals and for R wave millivoltage between the genders; but we observed a significant influence of weight despite the gender. In the present experiment, the anaesthetic protocol was shown to be well tolerated by the agoutis, and no arrhythmias occurred during the time the animals were monitored. The reference values obtained should be used to better understand the cardiac electrophysiology of the species and for its clinical and surgical management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…In the present study however, the positioning of the animals was the same for all the individuals, suggesting differences in the P wave amplitude. In rabbits that were given an electrocardiogram, the P wave showed different morphology in some breeds, but without any pathological significance (Reusch 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computerized electrocardiogram in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam

Diniz

Pessoa

Moura³

et al. 2017

Pesq. Vet. Bras.

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“…Neste estudo, foi escolhida a de Teicholz, por se assemelhar mais às mensurações invasivas e apresentar maior correlação nas mensurações em gatos. Stypmann et al (2007) Não foi observada depressão cardiorrespiratória nem no G1 (maleato de midazolam mais cloridrato de cetamina)  o que corrobora com Dupras et al (2001), que alega ser esta mínima  nem no G2 (maleato de midazolam), estando de acordo com Reusch (2005).…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

“…Para avaliar estes efeitos, foram escolhidos dois protolocos anestésico-sedativos que promovem imobilização adequada e em tempo hábil para o procedimento ecoDopplercardiográfico e comparou-se um protocolo recentemente utilizado: midazolam associado ao cloridrato de cetamina (Fontes-Sousa et al, 2009) com a utilização apenas do midazolam, ainda não utilizado em pesquisas ecoDopplercardiográficas em coelhos, com a justificativa de este último promover boa sedação e causar menos efeitos cardiovasculares em doses que variam de 0,5 a 1,0mg/kg por via intramuscular (IM) (Reusch, 2005).…”

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EcoDopplercardiografia em coelhos: uso de midazolam e midazolam associado à cetamina

Silva¹,

Borboleta²,

Telles³

et al. 2011

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RESUMOO uso de animais como modelos experimentais muitas vezes exige a administração de sedativos ou anestésicos, particularmente quando se trata de avaliação ecoDopplercardiográfica de coelhos. No entanto, existem poucas informações sobre os protocolos e seus efeitos nestes parâmetros. Diante deste contexto, foram utilizados 20 coelhos Nova Zelândia machos, com cinco meses e 3,2kg, distribuídos em dois grupos de 10 animais cada: G1 -maleato de midazolam associado ao cloridrato de cetamina, e G2 -maleato de midazolam. Compararam-se o efeito dos dois protocolos sob os índices funcionais do ventrículo esquerdo e os fluxos valvares, e observaram-se menores valores de frequência cardíaca e da fração de ejeção e maiores valores de diâmetro do ventrículo esquerdo na sístole, de volume sistólico final do ventrículo esquerdo e de diâmetro aórtico no grupo que recebeu apenas maleato de midazolam (G2). Concluiu-se que, o maleato de midazolam apresentou-se mais eficaz, pois causou boa sedação nos animais, permitindo a realização de ecoDopplercardiogramas de qualidade e efeitos limitados no sistema cardiovascular. Palavras-chave: coelho, avaliação ecoDoppercardiográfica, drogas sedativas ABSTRACT

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“…In rabbits submitted to electrocardiography, there were morphologically different P waves in some breeds, but with no pathological significance [39].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrocardiographic Pattern of Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Chemically Contained by the Association of Ketamine and Xylazine

Filho

Pessoa

Rodrigues

et al. 2017

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

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Background:The agouti (Dasyprocta prymnolopha, Wagler, 1831) is an existing wild rodent in almost all of Brazil, used as a biological model in several scientific studies. Veterinary cardiology has showed great advances in the diagnostic area due to the possibility of cardiac evaluation by non-invasive methods. For the practice of scientific or handling procedures in wild animals, chemical containment is essential. Thus, it is important to know the effect of anesthetic protocols on the cardiovascular system, observed through complementary tests, such as the electrocardiogram. The objective of this study was to describe the computerized electrocardiographic tracing of agoutis chemically contained by the association of Ketamine and Xylazine. Materials, Methods & Results: Eighteen male and female clinically healthy animals, aged among 2 years, submitted to digital electrocardiographic examination, were used. The device used to obtain the tracing was the veterinary electrocardiograph (Electrocardiogram Acquisition Module for Computer) -Brazilian Electronic Technology (TEB). The analysis was always made from derivation II (DII). Chemical containment was performed by the combination of Ketamine and Xylazine, intramuscularly. The results showed that the heart rate for males was on average 113.25 bpm, while for females the value of 124.60 bpm was observed, and there was no significant difference between the genders (P > 0.05). The mean weight of males was 2.31 kg and for females 2.28 kg; there was no statistical difference for this variable (P > 0.05). For the QRS duration of 46.14 ± 5.05 ms (males) and 44.66 ± 5.94 ms (females) and PR interval of 79.94 ± 12.01ms (males) and 84.29 ± 12.37ms (females), there was no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The amplitude of the R wave of 0.42 ± 0.31 mV (males) and 0.36 ± 0.22 mV (females) showed no statistical difference (P > 0.05). The T wave showed itself both negative (10 animals) and positive (8 animals), with amplitude measured at 0.24 ± 0.16 mV for males and 0.25 ± 0.10 mV for females (P > 0.05). The anesthetic protocol was well tolerated by the animals of this experiment, and there were no episodes of arrhythmias during the time of their monitoring. Discussion: Wild animals, in general, need chemical containment, with a view to reducing stress during scientific and handling procedures. The protocols established in this work can be used in future experiments which require a longer handling time. The values found for heart rate (HR) of anesthetized agoutis were lower than those for non-anesthetized agoutis, proving the influence of the stress during retention and the depressant cardiovascular effect of the anesthetic drug used. The electrocardiographic parameters and the tracing morphology of the agoutis were like the results found for anesthetized small rodents. The QT interval was higher in males than in females, justifying the fact that it could be influenced by variations in HR, which also showed superior results for males. Taking into consideration the morphol...

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Investigation and management of cardiovascular disease in rabbits

Cited by 27 publications

References 12 publications

Computerized electrocardiogram in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam

Computerized electrocardiogram in agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha Wagler, 1831) anesthetized with ketamine and midazolam

EcoDopplercardiografia em coelhos: uso de midazolam e midazolam associado à cetamina

Electrocardiographic Pattern of Agoutis (Dasyprocta prymnolopha) Chemically Contained by the Association of Ketamine and Xylazine

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