Investigation and optimization of physicochemical properties of sulfated zirconia/sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) nanocomposite membranes for medium temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Mossayebi, Zahra; Saririchi, Taghiyeh; Rowshanzamir, Soosan; Parnian, Mohammad Javad

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.05.017

Cited by 74 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(78 reference statements)

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“…The presence of Ti‐O and Zr‐O bond were corroborated by the peaks amongst 900 to 400 cm −1 . Hence, according to the FTIR result and some earlier reports, the chemical structure of SZrTi nanoparticle could be shown in Figure .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…The same behavior was also observed for proton conductivity at a constant level of ST with the increasing of nanoparticle loading. The free volume of SPEEK was reduced because of the interaction of functional groups of nanoparticle, that is,

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, with the SO 3 H groups of polymers and limits the space for the presence of water molecules, which leads to proton conductivity decrement . Besides, by an increment of nanoparticle above the threshold value, aggregation of nanoparticles happens, which leads to blockage or reduction of the size of proton transfer channels .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, modification of some metal oxides like ZrO 2 , TiO 2 , and Fe 2 O 3 by sulfate would create solid superacids . For example, sulfated zirconia with Hammett acid strength (H 0 ) of −16.03 has high conductivity (ie, 2.3 × 10 −1 S cm −1 at 105 to 135°C), high thermal stability, relatively low synthesis cost, and low reducibility, which make it so suitable to use in PEMFCs . Moreover, the thermal stability of zirconia would be improved significantly by embedment of a second metal oxide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous improvement of ionic conductivity and oxidative stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application

2020

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Summary Simultaneous high proton conductivity with high oxidative stability is one of the major concerns in the proton exchange membrane (PEM) preparation. With this perspective, different loadings of the sulfated zirconia‐titania, a binary metal oxide that possesses enhanced physicochemical properties, nanoparticle in sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) polymer were evaluated by the response surface method to obtain the novel PEM with boosted proton conductivity and oxidative stability. Two models for correlation of proton conductivity and oxidative stability (in Fenton solution) with two independent factors, including sulfonation time and the weight percent of the nanoparticle loading, were obtained by central composite design. The optimum parameters to attain the highest proton conductivity with oxidative stability are found to be the sulfonation time of 6.48 hours and the nanoparticle weight percent of 10.12%. The nanoparticle loading was found to be the more significant factor in the proton conductivity model, while the sulfonation time in the oxidative stability model was the main affecting factor. The optimal membranes were characterized by 1H NMR, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Fenton test, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA), water uptake, swelling ratio, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) analysis. The results indicate that the introduction of the optimal contents of SZrTi nanoparticle into the polymer matrix would improve the water uptake and consequently the proton conductivity at a higher temperature while keeping the swelling ratio at an acceptable range. The highest achieved proton conductivity by the resulted nanocomposite was 29.21 mS cm−1 at 120°C with 186‐minute durability in the Fenton's reagent. Moreover, the maximum peak power density of 199 mW cm−2 was achieved at 90°C and 100% RH for the single‐cell performance test of nanocomposite‐based membrane electrode assembly (MEA), while it was recorded at 112 mW cm−2 for commercial MEA. Acceptable dispersion of SZrTi nanoparticle in the SPEEK matrix causes negligible fuel crossover flux (eg, 0.35 × 10−6 mmol s−1 cm−2 and 12.49 × 10−6 mmol s−1 cm−2 for nanocomposite‐based MEA and commercial MEA, respectively), which is indispensable to improve the mechanical and chemical stability. So, the novel prepared nanocomposite SPEEK‐based membrane would be a promising alternative for the Nafion membrane at moderate to high temperatures. Highlights Sulfated ZrO2‐TiO2 binary oxide was introduced into the SPEEK polymer matrix. Chemical stability and proton conductivity were promoted by design of experiments. The nanoparticle loading was the main factor in the proton conductivity model. Sulfonation time in the oxidative stability model was the most affecting factor. Fuel crossover was omitted because of the presence of SZrTi nanoparticle in the SPEEK matrix.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simultaneous improvement of ionic conductivity and oxidative stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application

2020

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“…It was reported that proton exchange membrane modified with zirconia nanoparticles exhibits an improvement of the oxidative stability [64]. This improvement was the result of radical peroxide decomposition which was facilitated by sulfated zirconia.…”

Section: Speek (Hmg) Sulfated Zirconia (20 Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additive blending Improved oxidative stability [64] Nafion (hmg) Na2Ti3O7 nanotube (d= 4-6 nm; l= 500 nm)…”

Section: Speek (Hmg) Sulfated Zirconia (20 Nm)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving ion-exchange membrane properties by the role of nanoparticles

Ariono

Khoiruddin

2017

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. Extensive application of synthetic ion-exchange membrane (IEM) in many areas has necessitated the improvement of their properties. Recently, the introduction of nanoparticles into polymeric membrane has attracted growing interest since the combination of both materials results in better properties. This well-known mixed-matrix membrane exhibits superior characteristics compared to an individual polymeric membrane. Properties of the nanoparticles such as electrical conductivity, hydrophilicity, and adsorption capacity can be utilized to produce the IEM with better physicochemical, electrochemical, and mechanical characteristics. The nanoparticles may also be used to achieve a specific characteristic such as an antibacterial property and monovalent ion permselectivity. In this paper, preparation, the role of inorganic materials and performance of mixed-matrix IEM are reviewed. In addition, challenges facing mixed-matrix IEM and strategies taken to overcome those challenges and future perspectives are discussed.

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Nanocomposite Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

Satishkumar¹,

Isloor²

2023

Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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Investigation and optimization of physicochemical properties of sulfated zirconia/sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) nanocomposite membranes for medium temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells

Cited by 74 publications

References 61 publications

Simultaneous improvement of ionic conductivity and oxidative stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application

Simultaneous improvement of ionic conductivity and oxidative stability of sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) nanocomposite proton exchange membrane for fuel cell application

Improving ion-exchange membrane properties by the role of nanoparticles

Nanocomposite Membranes for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells

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