Abstract:Noncrimp three-dimensional orthogonal carbon weave is a specific type of three-dimensional woven fabric which is expected to have high performance as composite reinforcement. In this paper, two different orthogonal weaves in terms of carbon fiber tow type and binder yarns insertion density are produced, and a comprehensive study on the tensile strength of carbon composite reinforcements is conducted. The fiber volume fraction and mechanical performance are found to be affected by these two weave parameters. Th… Show more
“…Noobing samples were produced on a self-designed machine based on a uniaxial process. 26 In general, there are four different types of yarn in Noobing textile namely: warp yarn (y yarn), weft yarn (x yarn), binder yarn (z yarn), and holder yarn. The holder yarn locks the x and z yarns in the textile structure at each end of each picking motion in the fabric production.…”
In this paper, the energy absorption capacity of polymer composites reinforced with Kevlar fibers and various textile structures under high-velocity impact loading was investigated. Noobing textile, woven laminate, and stitched laminate were used as composite reinforcements. Fiber density and structural thickness were also examined in impact performance. The impact test was performed using a gas gun at a speed of 235 m/s. The impact performance of composite samples was evaluated by comparing residual velocity, ballistic limit, and impact energy absorption. To analyze the damage caused by the impact, all specimens were inspected using CT scan images. It was found that the presence of reinforcing fibers in the thickness direction can significantly improve energy absorption. In thicker composites, impact indentation was observed and the projectile could not penetrate the structure. The indentation depth of the Noobing composite was less than the stitched laminate. Increased fiber density in all three composite configurations showed an increase in energy absorption capacity and a decrease in residual impact velocity.
“…Noobing samples were produced on a self-designed machine based on a uniaxial process. 26 In general, there are four different types of yarn in Noobing textile namely: warp yarn (y yarn), weft yarn (x yarn), binder yarn (z yarn), and holder yarn. The holder yarn locks the x and z yarns in the textile structure at each end of each picking motion in the fabric production.…”
In this paper, the energy absorption capacity of polymer composites reinforced with Kevlar fibers and various textile structures under high-velocity impact loading was investigated. Noobing textile, woven laminate, and stitched laminate were used as composite reinforcements. Fiber density and structural thickness were also examined in impact performance. The impact test was performed using a gas gun at a speed of 235 m/s. The impact performance of composite samples was evaluated by comparing residual velocity, ballistic limit, and impact energy absorption. To analyze the damage caused by the impact, all specimens were inspected using CT scan images. It was found that the presence of reinforcing fibers in the thickness direction can significantly improve energy absorption. In thicker composites, impact indentation was observed and the projectile could not penetrate the structure. The indentation depth of the Noobing composite was less than the stitched laminate. Increased fiber density in all three composite configurations showed an increase in energy absorption capacity and a decrease in residual impact velocity.
“…The implementation of finite element modeling required the geometry of the unit cell to be created. A meso-geometrical model of the 3D fabric was used according to Minapoor et al [35]. The unit cells of the two fabric preforms are shown in Figure 5.Figure 5.A unit cell of the non-crimp 3D orthogonal structure: (a) low yarn density, and (b) high yarn density.…”
Non-crimp 3D orthogonal fabrics are high-tech textiles with three sets of orthogonal yarns. 3D composites reinforced by this fabric have a high performance and wide usages due to their structure. This study attempted to investigate the torsional behavior of Glass/epoxy composite rods reinforced by 3D fabrics experimentally and numerically. Accordingly, three different 3D weaves, including low-density and high-density non-crimp 3D orthogonal, and braid-pultruded fabrics were tested by a torsion tester machine. The results showed that non-crimp 3D orthogonal composites, especially those with a higher density, had better torsional properties than the others, due to the square cross-section and perpendicular fiber involvement in all directions. Optimal torsional properties were obtained for the high-density non-crimp 3D orthogonal composite with the lower void content. Also, a python code was developed to simulate the torsional behavior of the rod composite in macro-scale based on the geometry of the unit cell and the mechanical constants obtained from the meso-scale.
“…14 The results showed that increase in temperature imposed a slight impact on the composites’ on-axis tensile features. The impact properties of this structure are other considerable properties that were studied by Hu et al 15 Minapoor et al, in another work, 10 investigated the tensile strength of a novel NC3DOW with two different yarn densities. This fabric was produced by a self-designed loom.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Moreover, designing a composite with a high fiber volume fraction in this fabric is easier than others. 10,11 Some studies have been conducted to investigate the mechanical behavior of NC3DOW fabric. Karahan et al 12 investigated the internal geometry of NC3DOW composite by image processing.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The structure of the NC3DOW fabric was mentioned in Ref. 10. Besides, a multi-scale finite element modeling was utilized to predict the linear behavior of the composites under torsional load.…”
Nowadays, using three dimensional fabric as a reinforcement part in the composite has been increased. Non-crimp three dimensional orthogonal woven fabric is a subgroup of 3D woven fabrics that in this study was used to fabricate composite preforms. The fabrics were produced by glass yarn in two different fiber volume fractions. All fabric preforms were utilized to produce composites with polyester and epoxy resins. To compare the torsional behavior of the composites, a torsion test was applied to all samples and torque-revolution curves from the experimental results were compared together. Results showed that composites that were fabricated by epoxy resin have more torsional strength in comparison with composites in that their matrix is polyester resin. Moreover, preforms with high fiber volume fractions showed high torsional strength in each type of matrix. The torsion strength of high volume fraction for polyester matrix was 47.34 KPa, however for the sample with epoxy matrix the torsion strength was determined 81.26 KPa. Furthermore, a multiscale finite element model was applied to calculate elastic constants and predict the torsional behavior of the composites. The numerical results were compared with experimental results that a good agreement between numerical and experimental results was observed. Therefore, the proposed model can predict the torsional behavior of the composite with different fiber volume fractions.
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