Investigation into the effect of the wake from a generic formula one car on a downstream vehicle

Newbon, Joshua; Dominy, Robert; Sims-Williams, David

doi:10.1533/9780081002452.6.213

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The vertical and transverse location of the vortices in the near wake is centered about the rear wing tips, meaning that pre-2009 [3,6] the vortex pair was situated lower and further from the centerline than in current specification. Opening the DRS flap reduces downforce and thus the vortex strength, significantly reducing the secondary velocities in the wake, though turbulence intensities in excess of 20% remain on the centerline [4].…”

Section: Cfd Investigation Of the Effect Of The Salient Flow Featuresmentioning

confidence: 79%

“…The vehicle geometry used for this CFD study is a generic 25% scale Formula 1 car, also used experimentally [3] in slipstreaming studies in the Durham University 2m wind tunnel. This scale is attractive experimentally as it makes it possible to accommodate multiple vehicles within the test section of a model tunnel normally used for larger scale models.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The effect of an upstream wake on 25% Formula 1 models has been investigated [1,3] showing a decrease in downforce of up to 35% when following 1L C behind another vehicle. Aerodynamic drag is reduced by about 25% at this spacing and recovers less rapidly than downforce when a lateral offset, simulating a lane change or overtake, is introduced.…”

Section: Cfd Investigation Of the Effect Of The Salient Flow Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The wake can be used by a following vehicle to reduce aerodynamic drag aiding top speed. The wake also reduces the downforce produced by the following vehicle by upwards of 60% [1,2,3] and, more significantly, results in a rearward shift of the aerodynamic center of pressure resulting in increased understeer (push) and tire wear making it increasingly more difficult to follow or overtake a competitor. The recent trend to combat the lack of overtaking is the use of a drag reduction system (DRS) [4] pioneered in Formula 1 and now used in World Series by Renault and DTM (Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters) whereby the following car rear wing angle of attack is reduced in controlled locations to improve overtaking frequency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main downforcegenerating surfaces are the inverted front wing, rear wings and underfloor with rear upswept diffuser, shown in figure 1. The wake of a Formula 1 car is dominated by the counter-rotating vortex pair originating at the rear wing, which is further energized by the up wash from the rear diffuser [3,4,6]. Local axial velocity, stagnation and static pressure deficits are present as well as turbulence intensities in excess of 45%, figure 2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

CFD Investigation of the Effect of the Salient Flow Features in the Wake of a Generic Open-Wheel Race Car

Newbon

Dominy

Sims-Williams

2015

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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Section: Cfd Investigation Of the Effect Of The Salient Flow Featuresmentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Cfd Investigation Of the Effect Of The Salient Flow Featuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

CFD Investigation of the Effect of the Salient Flow Features in the Wake of a Generic Open-Wheel Race Car

Newbon

Dominy

Sims-Williams

2015

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.

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Evaluation of vehicle platooning aerodynamics using bluff body wake generators and CFD

Ebrahim

Dominy

Leung

2016

2016 International Conference for Students on Applied Engineering (ISCAE)

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Recent developmentsin sensing and communications between vehicles (V2V) and their surroundings have provided the technology to allow cars to operate autonomously or semi-autonomously in closely spaced 'platoon' formation without the risk of collision. This is known to reduce the aerodynamic drag and thus consequently limits the energy consumption and associated emissions. Although wind tunnel investigations have been performed to mimic platoon operations, most experimental evaluations of multiple vehicles in platoon are severely compromised by the restricted length of the wind tunnel test section. Therefore, the model scale must be reduced which decreases the measurement accuracy. The innovative solution presented here is to reproduce the flow structure that is created by a leading road car through the use of a 'bluff-body wake generator' with a much reduced length which eliminates the need to decrease the scale of the following test model. Validated computational fluid dynamics (CFD) data and analysis are presented to evaluate an optimized design of a wake generator based on the Ahmed model [1] and the effect of inter-vehicle spacing on the aerodynamic characteristics of the following vehicle. It is shown that accurate reproduction of the wake is possible at half the characteristic length, thus correctly determining the flow impact on the downstream model. This demonstrates that the bluff body wake generator provides a reliable approach that allows platooning studies to be performed without sacrificing aerodynamic resolution.

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Aerodynamic characteristics of a wing-and-flap configuration in ground effect and yaw

Roberts

Correia²,

Finnis

et al. 2015

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The influence of yaw on a model representative of a monoposto racing car front wing and nose section operating in close proximity to the ground is discussed. The yawed condition is representative of a car operating in a crosswind or with side-slip whilst cornering. Due to the need for downforce in corners rather than on a straight it is standard practice to test a racing car at varying orientations of yaw, pitch and roll quasi-statically. Wind tunnel testing with a 50% scale model at a chord-based Reynolds number of 1.69 x 10 6 /m was used to investigate forces and surface flow structures. The results were then used to validate simulations with the 3-equation k-kL-ω transitional turbulence model to observe surface pressures and wake structures. It was found that a change of surface pressures caused asymmetric loading of the wing, the strengthening or inhibiting of vortices depending on their rotational sense, and an overall reduction in both the downforce and drag of the wing; all of which were amplified as yaw angle was increased or ground clearance reduced. The fundamental aerodynamic flow features of a racing car front wing operating at yaw are established.

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Investigation into the effect of the wake from a generic formula one car on a downstream vehicle

Cited by 5 publications

References 13 publications

CFD Investigation of the Effect of the Salient Flow Features in the Wake of a Generic Open-Wheel Race Car

CFD Investigation of the Effect of the Salient Flow Features in the Wake of a Generic Open-Wheel Race Car

Evaluation of vehicle platooning aerodynamics using bluff body wake generators and CFD

Aerodynamic characteristics of a wing-and-flap configuration in ground effect and yaw

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