If the cooling system equipped with prime motor is not reasonably structured or lubricated sufficiently, the friction heat generated by decelerator during operation could not be dissipated effectively. To solve the problem with prime motor that its performance and efficiency both decline greatly due to the too high temperature of heat balance, it is necessary to study the temperature field and heat balance of the decelerator system, and this work is meaningful for improving the design of target system and ensuring its operation stability and reliability. To find answers of the said matter, this paper studied the heat balance features of decelerator system with its real-time reliability taken into consideration. At first, this paper analyzed the possible thermal failure modes, influence and fatality of the decelerator system, and elaborated on the method and steps of its realtime reliability analysis. Then, the decelerator system was modeled, its steady state temperature field was simulated in ANSYS Workbench, and the boundary conditions were built. At last, analysis results of the heat balance features of target system were given, which had verified the effectiveness of the proposed research method.