Investigation into the nature of historical tapestries using time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)

Batcheller, James C; Hacke, A.M.; Mitchell, R.; Carr, C.

doi:10.1016/j.apsusc.2006.02.136

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…In another study on wool, Batcheller et al [2006] explore the effect of the scouring method on greasy wool. Two procedures are used: the first is a modern commercial one; and the second is based on an historic recipe using a stale urine solution.…”

Section: Tapestry Cleaning and Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ToF‐SIMS Study of Organic Materials in Cultural Heritage: Identification and Chemical Imaging

Mazel

Richardin

2009

Organic Mass Spectrometry in Art and Archaeology

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Section: Tapestry Cleaning and Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

ToF‐SIMS Study of Organic Materials in Cultural Heritage: Identification and Chemical Imaging

Mazel

Richardin

2009

Organic Mass Spectrometry in Art and Archaeology

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“…Protecting textiles from aging and degradation is thus a key task in restoration. Tannins produce specific and intense degradation phenomena causing greater damage than other dyestuff materials, even in the same conservation conditions (Hofenk De Graaff, 2004;Batcheller et al, 2006;Odlyha et al, 2007;Vanden Berghe, 2012). Fiber sources, dyestuffs, and environmental conditions are some of the principal factors causing fiber damage (Hofenk De Graaff, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A widespread, but still unexplained phenomenon affecting historical textiles is the deterioration in proteinaceous fibers dyed with a specific class of black dyes: iron-tannin dyestuffs. Tannins produce specific and intense degradation phenomena causing greater damage than other dyestuff materials, even in the same conservation conditions (Hofenk De Graaff, 2004; Batcheller et al, 2006; Odlyha et al, 2007; Vanden Berghe, 2012). This behavior is still poorly understood and current knowledge does not allow us to develop conservation protocols and to arrest degradation phenomena (Hofenk De Graaff, 2004; Wilson et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis to Understand the Role of Tannin-Based Dyes in the Degradation of Historical Wool Textiles

et al. 2014

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An innovative approach, combining field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis, is presented to investigate the degradation mechanisms affecting tannin-dyed wool. In fact, tannin-dyed textiles are more sensitive to degradation then those dyed with other dyestuffs, even in the same conservation conditions. FESEM-EDX was first used to study a set of 48 wool specimens (artificially aged) dyed with several raw materials and mordants, and prepared according to historical dyeing recipes. EDX analysis was performed on the surface of wool threads and on their cross-sections. In addition, in order to validate the model formulated by the analysis of reference materials, several samples collected from historical and archaeological textiles were subjected to FESEM-EDX analysis. FESEM-EDX investigations enabled us to reveal the correlation between elemental composition and morphological changes. In addition, aging processes were clarified by studying changes in the elemental composition of wool from the protective cuticle to the fiber core in cross-sections. Morphological and elemental analysis of wool specimens and of archaeological and historical textiles showed that the presence of tannins increases wool damage, primarily by causing a sulfur decrease and fiber oxidation.

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“…In addition, their degradation at differing rates will be caused by various reactions to moisture, air light, heat, and microorganisms (hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, thermolysis, biolysis) none of which will be completely mutually exclusive. Publications on these processes can be found (Park et al, 2004;Odlyha et al, 2005;Batcheller et al, 2006;Vanden Berghe, 2012).…”

Section: Tenacitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of wool and cotton yarns used in twenty-first century tapestry: Preparing for the future by understanding the present

Smith

Flowers

Lennard

2014

Studies in Conservation

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The conservation of historic tapestries is a complex and highly skilled task. Tapestries now being woven will need conservation in years to come. Can we, by understanding the properties of these contemporary works, assist the conservators of the future? The recreation of the Hunt of the Unicorn tapestries being undertaken by the West Dean Tapestry Studio offers a unique opportunity to access the materials being used and to create a body of data on their initial properties. This study uses tensile testing of the warp and weft materials to determine their maximum load at break, extension at maximum load, and specific stress (tenacity). Wool weft yarns from two different sources and of two thicknesses were examined. These wools were dyed 'in house' and the effect of the different dyes used was also assessed. These parameters all showed some significant (P < 0.05) differences. Cotton warp yarns of differing thickness and a gold thread were also tested. The comparison of how cotton and wool break demonstrates that when a tapestry is put under sufficient stress the cotton will snap but the wool may only stretch. However, this could often be beyond its recovery range resulting in a failure to return to shape.

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Investigation into the nature of historical tapestries using time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS)

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

ToF‐SIMS Study of Organic Materials in Cultural Heritage: Identification and Chemical Imaging

ToF‐SIMS Study of Organic Materials in Cultural Heritage: Identification and Chemical Imaging

Field-Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy and Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Analysis to Understand the Role of Tannin-Based Dyes in the Degradation of Historical Wool Textiles

Mechanical properties of wool and cotton yarns used in twenty-first century tapestry: Preparing for the future by understanding the present

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