Investigation into the pathogenesis of Atrophic Rhinitis in pigs

Identification of toxigenic Pasteurella multocida in atrophic rhinitis of pigs by in vitro characterisation

“…Our findings are in agreement with those of other workers who have implicated toxigenic P.multocida strains in the aetiology of this disease (de Jong et al 1980;Pedersen and Barfod 1981;Rutter & Rojas 1982;Pedersen 1983;Rutter 1983). The capsular type of all toxigenic Australian isolates in this study was found to be type D. Overseas reports similarly indicate most toxigenic strains are type D (de Jong et al 1980;Rutter 1983;Thiel 1983), with only occasional reports of type A strains capable of toxin production (Elling and Pedersen 1983;de Jong and Akkermans 1986;Kielstein et a1 1986).…”

“…Toxin-producing strains of Pasteurella multocida have been incriminated as having a central role in the aetiology of enzootic atrophic rhinitis, and may be assisted in their colonisation of the nasal mucosa in the young pig by pre-existing Bordetella bronchiseptica infection (de Jong et al 1980; Pedersen and Barford 1981; Rutter and Rojas 1982;Rutter 1983; Pedersen and Elling 1984;Schoss et al 1985;de Jong and Akkermans 1986). The enzootic form of atrophic rhinitis must be differentiated from the syndromes described as sporadic atrophic rhinitis and acute catarrhal rhinitis of piglets, which often affect only one or a few pigs, are of little economic significance and are not associated with toxigenic P.multocida (Schoss 1983, Thiel 1984.…”

Diagnostic and typing options for investigating diseases associated with Pasteurella multocida

“…The major diseases of economic significance include porcine progressive atrophic rhinitis (PAR; de Jong 1999), haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) of cattle and water buffaloes (De Alwis, 1992), fowl cholera of poultry (Christensen and Bisgaard, 2000) and snuffles in rabbits (DeLong and Manning, 1994). These infections can vary from slow or latent infections observed with PAR to rapidly developing fatal septicaemias seen with fowl cholera and HS.…”

“…PAR, a severe disease of pigs characterized by stunted development and turbinate atrophy is caused by toxinogenic strains of P. multocida (de Jong, 1999).…”

“…Piglets often acquire the infection from their carrier dams. Hence identification of carrier sows in breeding herds by bacteriological procedures and other specific diagnostic tests like PCR and a commercial ELISA kit (DAKO) with subsequent removal of them play key roles in establishing infection-free pig herds (cited by De Jong, 1999).…”