Investigation of a DISI Fuel Injector for a Close-Arranged Spray-Guided Combustion System

Befrui, Bizhan; Kneer, Reinhold; Breuer, Stephan; Reckers, Wolfgang; Robart, D. M.; Wanlin, H.; Weiten, Claude

doi:10.4271/2002-01-1133

Cited by 13 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Direct injection spark ignition (DISI) engines have been widely studied for their combined potential of better specific power, fuel economy and engine-level emissions. Spray-guided combustion systems are seen to be desirable for the next generation of DISI engines [1][2][3]. This concept directs the fuel spray straight to the spark plug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Cylinder Temperature Estimation from an Optical Spray-Guided DISI Engine with Color-Ratio Pyrometry (CRP)

Ma¹,

Stevens²,

Stone³

2006

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Color-ratio pyrometry (CRP) is a technique for estimating the temperature and loading of soot, based on its thermal emission spectrum. This technique is contrasted with conventional two-color pyrometry which requires absolute measurements of the radiation intensity, either at two specific wavelengths or ranges of wavelengths. CRP uses two ratios, obtained by measuring the radiation intensity for three wavelengths or wavelength bands. CRP has been implemented here by using a digital CCD camera, and full details of the calibration are reported. Because of uncertainties in the emissivity of reference sources (such as tungsten ribbon lamps, in which the emissivity depends on temperature and wavelength), then a spectroscopic calibration of the CCD camera has been used. Use of a CCD camera is not straightforward because of internal digital signal processing (DSP), so full details are given of the calibration and technique implementation. Calibration results, together with an error analysis, showed an accuracy of ±50K within the combustion temperature range and a preference for the temperature estimates based on the red/green ratio over the red/blue ratio at low temperatures and the red/blue ratio over the red/green ratio at high temperatures. Temperature estimates are shown to be insensitive to the concentration of soot. Combustion imaging was later carried out on a sprayguided direction injection spark ignition engine with optical access. Temperature estimates under various imaging timings and mixture strengths are presented. With a fixed operating point the maximum in-cylinder temperature occurred just after top center, and this coincided with the maximum rate of heat release. When the mixture strength was varied, the maximum temperature (at a particular crank angle) was rich of stoichiometric. Finally, temperature and KL results using the variable KL algorithm were reported together with discussions about soot formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In-Cylinder Temperature Estimation from an Optical Spray-Guided DISI Engine with Color-Ratio Pyrometry (CRP)

Ma¹,

Stevens²,

Stone³

2006

SAE Technical Paper Series

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“…It also offers guidance for further study and application. The idea of constructive learning highlights the teachers' essential role in academic curriculum and offers improvements in accordance with the teachers' needs and interests as a result of the constructivist learning movement (Befrui et al, 2002).…”

Section: Learning Theories and Implication For Itmentioning

confidence: 99%

Availability and Effectiveness of Information Technology Infrastructure in RYK Secondary Schools

Hussain¹,

Hussain²,

Hussain³

2023

Voyage Journal of Educational Sciences

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This educational study determines the availability and effectiveness of IT (Information Technology) infrastructure in RYK Secondary Schools. In this article, challenges faced by teachers and students in the usage of IT will be discussed, as well as the use of IT infrastructure in education and its accessibility and efficacy in teaching and learning are addressed. This study will be beneficial for the teachers and higher authorities in understanding the availability of IT infrastructure in Secondary Schools. All the students (girls and boys) from the Public Secondary Schools of RYK were considered as the population. The descriptive survey design and random sampling technique were employed to accomplish the goal. A 50-item self-structured questionnaire based on a 5-point Likert scale was utilized to collect the data from a sample of study i.e. 500 male and female students. The collected data were analyzed by using SPSS with descriptive statistics (mean, percentage, and frequency value). The findings are intended to support the hypothesis that teachers and students face significant challenges in RYK Secondary Schools due to the lack of facilities. Therefore, it is necessary to work for improvement so that the students can learn in a better way. To conclude, using technology effectively in the teaching-learning process, improving the quality and accessibility of technology, and motivating the learning environment plays a vital role in education. As a result, with the use of IT, slow learners might also take an active role, and students’ attitudes can be positively affected, and learning can be enhanced.

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“…Spray-guided combustion systems a contemporary spark ignition engine. A number are seen to be desirable for the next generation of of researchers have used two-stroke engines or DISI engines [3][4][5][6]. This concept directs the fuel four-stroke engines with side valves or valves in spray close to the spark plug.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full-bore crank-angle resolved imaging of combustion in a four-stroke gasoline direct injection engine

Marshall

Stevens

et al. 2007

Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D:

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The conventional Bowditch piston arrangement in an optical access engine limits the field of view to about half the bore area. By using a transparent crown (with a flat top) and incorporating a concave surface into the underside of the piston, then the piston crown acts as a diverging lens. Appropriate choice of the radius of curvature and the piston crown thickness provides an image of the full bore. There is of course optical distortion in the image but, since the piston position is known for each image, then it is comparatively simple to reconstruct undistorted images and videos.As an illustration of the technique, results are presented here for flame front tracking, and estimates of the combustion temperature and soot loading by a colour ratio pyrometry technique. This full-bore imaging technique is also applicable to many other optical diagnostic techniques. For a motored engine with particle imaging velocimetry and an optical cylinder liner, then the light sheet could enter either through the piston to illuminate a vertical plane or through the cylinder liner and be imaged through the piston. The choice of laser-based combustion diagnostic techniques would be limited by the transmission range of the piston window.

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Investigation of a DISI Fuel Injector for a Close-Arranged Spray-Guided Combustion System

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

In-Cylinder Temperature Estimation from an Optical Spray-Guided DISI Engine with Color-Ratio Pyrometry (CRP)

In-Cylinder Temperature Estimation from an Optical Spray-Guided DISI Engine with Color-Ratio Pyrometry (CRP)

Availability and Effectiveness of Information Technology Infrastructure in RYK Secondary Schools

Full-bore crank-angle resolved imaging of combustion in a four-stroke gasoline direct injection engine

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