Investigation of a gel-based delivery method for the administration of a live, attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine

Jia, Siyuan; McWhorter, Andrea R.; Khan, Samiullah; Andrews, Daniel M.; Underwood, Gregory J.; Chousalkar, Kapil K.

doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109721

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, in a separate study, the vaccine strains of AviPro ® Salmonella VacE and AviPro ® Salmonella Duo were detected by culture of cloacal swabs collected 2 days post-vaccination of a day-old layer chicks ( 30 ). Vaxsafe ST could be quantified from the caeca of layer chicks at day 7 post-vaccination and could be detected in the spleen, liver, and jejunum following a culturing method ( 31 ). Perhaps differences in the detection of vaccines in various samples could be due to multiple factors, including the sensitivity of the tests applied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine dose and diluent have minimal effects on the caecal microbiota of layer chickens

Khan,

McWhorter,

Andrews

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Among the Salmonella reduction strategies in poultry production, one option is to use a Salmonella vaccine. The aim of vaccinating layer flocks is to reduce the shedding of wild-type Salmonella in the poultry environment, thereby reducing the contamination of poultry products (eggs and meat). Nutritive diluent and a higher dose of vaccine may enhance its colonization potential in the gut of chickens. In this study, a commercially available live attenuated vaccine (Vaxsafe® ST) was reconstituted in different media and delivered orally to day-old chicks at three different doses (107, 108, and 109 CFU/chick). Gut colonization of the vaccine strain and the effects of vaccination on gut microbiota were assessed in commercial-layer chickens. The vaccine diluent and dosage minimally affected microbiota alpha diversity. Microbiota beta diversity was significantly different (P < 0.05) based on the vaccine diluent and dose, which indicated that the vaccinated and unvaccinated chickens had different gut microbial communities. Differences were noted in the abundance of several genera, including Blautia, Colidextribacter, Dickeya, Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Pediococcus, and Sellimonas. The abundance of Colidextribacter was significantly lower in chickens that received vaccine reconstituted in Marek's and water diluents, while Lactobacillus abundance was significantly lower in the water group. The highest vaccine dose (109 CFU/chick) did not significantly alter (P > 0.05) the abundance of microbial genera. Chicken age affected the microbiota composition more significantly than the vaccine dose and diluent. The abundance of Lactobacillus, Blautia, Caproiciproducens, Pediococcus, and Colidextribacter was significantly higher on day 14 compared with day 7 post-vaccination. The Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine load in the caeca was not significantly affected by diluent and vaccine dose; however, it was significantly lower (P < 0.0001) on day 14 compared with day 7 post-vaccination. Overall, the S. Typhimurium vaccine minimally affected the gut microbiota structure of layer chicks, whereas changes in microbiota were more significant with chicken age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine dose and diluent have minimal effects on the caecal microbiota of layer chickens

Khan,

McWhorter,

Andrews

et al. 2024

Front. Vet. Sci.

Self Cite

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“…For various applications (e.g., coccidiosis, IB, Salmonella ), gel-based diluents may increase the viscosity of vaccine solution and help the intake of live vaccines by ingestion. Such diluents may also include additives and immunostimulants (9). Specific tracers could be included in the vaccinal solution to check a proper consumption of gel droplets (10).…”

Section: Spray Vaccinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vaccination Technology in Poultry: Principles of Vaccine Administration

Guérin,

Balloy,

Pinson

et al. 2023

Avian Diseases

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Poultry vaccines are very important tools for disease prevention and may be administered collectively by drinking water or spray or individually by injection or oculonasal drop, whereas inactivated vaccines are administered by injection only. Poultry vaccines are increasingly delivered at the hatchery to day-old chicks or in ovo, because mass vaccination is much more efficiently implemented and controlled at the hatchery than on the farm. Mass administration on the farm by drinking water or spray requires strict compliance with guidelines regarding water quality, preparation of vaccines, and application, so as to cover the whole flock. Vaccination at the hatchery uses integrated machines to deliver vaccines to day-old chicks or, increasingly, in ovo at transfer from setters to hatchers. Regardless of the route and technology, a high quality of monitoring is critically important to maintain strict compliance and best practices from the vaccine vial to the bird, to guarantee efficient administration and intake of the vaccine by the whole flock and to secure the integrity of the vaccine itself. Major recent technical innovations in poultry vaccination covering both biology and technology open a very exciting era.RESUMEN. Estudio recapitulativo-Tecnologı a de vacunación en la avicultura: principios de administración de vacunas. Las vacunas para la avicultura son herramientas muy importantes para la prevención de enfermedades y pueden administrarse colectivamente mediante agua de bebida y por aerosol, también individualmente mediante inyección o por gota oculonasal, mientras que las vacunas inactivadas se administran únicamente mediante inyección. Las vacunas avı colas se administran cada vez más en la planta de incubación a pollitos de un dı a o in ovo, porque la vacunación masiva se implementa y controla mucho más eficientemente en la planta de incubación que en las granjas. La administración masiva en granja mediante agua de bebida o aspersión requiere el cumplimiento estricto de las pautas relativas a la calidad del agua, preparación de vacunas y aplicación, de manera de cubrir a toda la parvada. La vacunación en la planta de incubación utiliza máquinas integradas para administrar vacunas a los pollitos de un dı a o, de manera más frecuente, in ovo en el momento del traslado de las incubadoras a las nacedoras. Independientemente de la ruta y la tecnologı a, una alta calidad del monitoreo es de vital importancia para mantener un cumplimiento estricto y las mejores prácticas desde el vial de la vacuna hasta el ave, para garantizar la administración y la captación eficiente de la vacuna por toda la parvada y para asegurar la integridad de la vacuna. Las importantes innovaciones técnicas recientes en la vacunación en avicultura que abarcan tanto la biologı a como la tecnologı a están iniciando una era fascinante.

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Effect of vaccine diluents on the colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine in chickens

Jia,

McWhorter,

Khan

et al. 2024

Veterinary and Animal Science

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Investigation of a gel-based delivery method for the administration of a live, attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

A live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine dose and diluent have minimal effects on the caecal microbiota of layer chickens

A live attenuated Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine dose and diluent have minimal effects on the caecal microbiota of layer chickens

Vaccination Technology in Poultry: Principles of Vaccine Administration

Effect of vaccine diluents on the colonization of Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine in chickens

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