Investigation of a hybrid thermochemical Cu–Cl cycle, carbon capturing, and ammonia production process

Izanloo, Milad; Mehrpooya, Mehdi

doi:10.1007/s10973-021-10768-5

Cited by 12 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…A series of assumptions are made to simulate the subsystems involved in the proposed process. These assumptions are the same as the ones made in the literature ,,,, to model similar subsystems: The pressure differences for the heat exchangers and separator are considered insignificant. ,,,, The pressure differences for the reactors in the electro-thermochemical cycle, ammonium bicarbonate production system, and formic acid production cycle are considered negligible. ,, The required electrical power for the hybrid system is supplied by wind turbines and an auxiliary power supply. The wind turbines and auxiliary power supply provide continuous power for the hybrid system. The pinch point temperature of the designed heat exchangers is considered greater than 1 °C. The products associated with this hybrid structure are needed according to the export demands of NL and/or import demands of different regions. The utility water inlet temperature and pressure for cooling purposes are assumed to be 24 °C and 1 bar, respectively.…”

Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, the UNIQUAC (universal quasi-chemical) model is employed to simulate the ammonium bicarbonate production cycle NRTL-HOC and SOLIDS fluid packages are used for simulation of formic acid synthesis and electro-thermochemical cycle, respectively. , The amine package in the ASPEN HYSYS software, formulated based on Kent Eisenberg’s thermodynamic model, is used for fluid phase equilibria calculations. To predict the thermodynamic properties of the existing gas phases, non-ideal gas mixture coefficients are used …”

Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multi-objective Optimization of a Novel Hybrid Structure for Co-generation of Ammonium Bicarbonate, Formic Acid, and Methanol with Net-Zero Carbon Emissions

et al. 2023

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Chemical storage of hydrogen, originated from renewable energy, is one of the most efficient and reliable methods to absorb carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and easily transport large-scale energy to remote areas. In this study, a novel integration of an electro-thermochemical process with industrial flue gas thermal energy and wind turbines is proposed to absorb CO 2 and store chemically hydrogen in the form of methanol, formic acid, and ammonium bicarbonate. The proposed hybrid structure includes a post-combustion CO 2 capture technology, a copper−chlorine thermochemical process, and several ammonium bicarbonate, formic acid, and methanol production cycles. The proposed configuration produces 2597 kg/h methanol, 5270 kg/h ammonium bicarbonate, and 833.3 kg/h formic acid. The energy and exergy efficiencies of the proposed layout are computed at 63.68 and 66.82%, respectively. The exergy analysis depicts that three processes of electro-thermochemical, methanol production, and post-combustion CO 2 capture have the greatest destructed exergy contributions among other subsections to the amounts of 40.85, 30.16, and 7.97%, respectively. The verification, validation, and sensitivity analyses, along with a multi-objective optimization protocol (i.e., a hybrid neural network and a genetic algorithm), are also used to evaluate the proposed system. The objective functions, decision variables, and constraints for the optimization phase are determined through sensitivity analysis. Several multi-criteria decision evaluation methods are employed to prioritize and choose the optimal point from the Pareto set. The electrical power supplied from the wind turbines as well as the auxiliary power supply, and the energy and exergy efficiencies calculated based on the TOPSIS/LINAMP techniques are 9.90 MW, 89.23, and 67.27%, respectively. In addition, the power consumption, energy, and exergy efficiencies at the optimal operating condition, calculated using the

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Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Process Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-objective Optimization of a Novel Hybrid Structure for Co-generation of Ammonium Bicarbonate, Formic Acid, and Methanol with Net-Zero Carbon Emissions

et al. 2023

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“…The low-temperature reactions offer low-grade waste heat, relatively lower materials costs, and lower voltage needed for the electrochemical The first step is an endothermic electrolytic reaction (∆H = 63 kJ•mol −1 H 2 at 25 • C) at temperatures lower than 100 • C (disproportionation process). The second step is composed of an endothermic hydrolysis reaction (∆H = 117 kJ•mol −1 H 2 at 400 • C) at the temperature range of 300-375 • C, and the product is copper oxychloride and HCl gas [133,166,168]. The voltage needed for the electrolysis of CuCl solution at ambient temperature is between 0.4-0.6 V [108].…”

Section: Cu-cl Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, product treatment and separation, as well as corrosive materials, are the most challenging issues with this cycle [108]. Izanloo et al [168] developed a novel integrated system with high overall efficiency of about 19.6% for simultaneously producing N 2 , CH 4 , NH 3 , O 2 , and CO 2 . Farsi et al [172] carried out a comprehensive assessment of the CuCl cycle and concluded that the decomposition temperature of CuCl 2 and the amount of excess steam significantly affect the hydrolysis step.…”

Section: Cu-cl Cyclementioning

confidence: 99%

“…HyS Pt x Pd y thin film deposited on a Si wafer showed high catalytic activity [146] HyS Increasing Ni dopant in PtxNiy/C catalysts increased electron vacancies and improved catalytic performance [148] HyS Incorporating ceria in Pt/C composite catalyst increased catalyst active area and improved its performance [150] Cu-Cl Developing a novel integrated system for producing nitrogen, methane, ammonia, oxygen, and carbon dioxide [168] Cu-Cl Optimizing the temperature of the hydrolysis step can minimize the number of byproducts.…”

Section: S-i N Doping Promotes Hi Decomposition Rate [102] Hysmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

2022

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The thermochemical water-splitting method is a promising technology for efficiently converting renewable thermal energy sources into green hydrogen. This technique is primarily based on recirculating an active material, capable of experiencing multiple reduction-oxidation (redox) steps through an integrated cycle to convert water into separate streams of hydrogen and oxygen. The thermochemical cycles are divided into two main categories according to their operating temperatures, namely low-temperature cycles (<1100 °C) and high-temperature cycles (<1100 °C). The copper chlorine cycle offers relatively higher efficiency and lower costs for hydrogen production among the low-temperature processes. In contrast, the zinc oxide and ferrite cycles show great potential for developing large-scale high-temperature cycles. Although, several challenges, such as energy storage capacity, durability, cost-effectiveness, etc., should be addressed before scaling up these technologies into commercial plants for hydrogen production. This review critically examines various aspects of the most promising thermochemical water-splitting cycles, with a particular focus on their capabilities to produce green hydrogen with high performance, redox pairs stability, and the technology maturity and readiness for commercial use.

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An experimental investigation on non-preheated MILD combustion of syngas/ammonia/air

Kiani,

Kohansal,

Masoumi

et al. 2023

J Therm Anal Calorim

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Investigation of a hybrid thermochemical Cu–Cl cycle, carbon capturing, and ammonia production process

Cited by 12 publications

References 48 publications

Multi-objective Optimization of a Novel Hybrid Structure for Co-generation of Ammonium Bicarbonate, Formic Acid, and Methanol with Net-Zero Carbon Emissions

Multi-objective Optimization of a Novel Hybrid Structure for Co-generation of Ammonium Bicarbonate, Formic Acid, and Methanol with Net-Zero Carbon Emissions

A Review on Recent Progress in the Integrated Green Hydrogen Production Processes

An experimental investigation on non-preheated MILD combustion of syngas/ammonia/air

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