Investigation of an optimized energy resource allocation algorithm for a community based virtual power plant

The current global challenge of climate change has made renewable energy usage very important. There is an ongoing drive for the deployment of renewable energy resource at the domestic level through feed-in tariff, etc. However, the intermittent nature of renewable energy has made storage a key priority. In this work, a community having a solar farm with energy storage embedded in the house of the energy consumers is considered. Consumers within the community are aggregated in to a local virtual power plant. Genetic algorithm was used to develop an optimized energy transaction for the virtual power plant with respect to differential pricing and renewable generation. The results show that it is feasible to have a virtual power plant setup in a local community that involve the use of renewable generation and embedded storage. The results show that both pricing and renewable generation window should be considered as a factor when setting up a virtual power plant that involve the use of storage and renewable generation at the community level. Also, when maximization of battery state of charge is considered as part of an optimization problem in a day ahead market, certain trade-off would have to be made on the profit of the virtual power plant, the incentive of the prosumer, as well as the provision of peak service to the grid.

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“…In Fig. 3, is the modified pricing scheme used by the VPP in this work [11], [13]. The modified pricing scheme was extended to 48 time intervals.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The modified pricing scheme was extended to 48 time intervals. It was considered to use the modified pricing scheme because its business incentives favors both the VPP and the prosumer [11], [13] while meeting the VPP objective. This is detailed in [11], [13].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of Community Based Virtual Power Plant with Embedded Storage and Renewable Generation

Okpako

Adamu

Rajamani

et al. 2017

Wireless and Satellite Systems

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“…The VPP performance is determined by comparing both the VPP dynamic load E dyn t and the grid's need for demand side management [10]. The VPP dynamic load at t is the energy imported from the grid by the VPP or the energy exported to the grid by the VPP at t. The DSM need of the grid at t is indicated by the exchange price λ t at time t. This is the differential price at the wholesale market that encourage arbitrage of the storage under VPP operation in order to provide DSM to the grid.…”

Section: Cumulative Performance Index (Cpi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The CPI is a tool to assess the performance of the VPP with storage in terms of meeting the grid's requirement for DSM [10]. A higher CPI implies a lower cost to the grid.…”

Section: Cumulative Performance Index (Cpi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier studies have shown the benefits of energy storage under VPP operation to the VPP stakeholders in terms of providing the grid with its required load shape during DSM, as well as cost minimization and profit maximization for the prosumers, VPP aggregators and grid operators [10]- [12]. However, there is no clarity on how the Peukert condition of battery storage can affect the benefits of the VPP stakeholders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peukert Effects on Domestic Energy Storage in Virtual Power Plants

Okpako

Rajamani

Anoh

et al. 2019

2019 IEEE PES/IAS PowerAfrica

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In residential homes, domestic energy storage in batteries have been proposed by many to support the grid. To foster its integration into the grid, virtual power plant (VPP) technology is used. In this paper, we evaluate Peukert condition of domestic battery storage within a given distribution level market. An evolutionary algorithm is applied to optimize the social welfare of stakeholders in a community VPP at different levels of Peukert conditions. The dynamic load performance of the VPP with respect to the grid requirements for demand-side management (DSM) is also presented to evaluate the impact of the Peukert effect on DSM. The results show that the social welfare of the VPP stakeholders decreases as Peukert effects increase.

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