Investigation of Anti-Interference Characteristics of Frequency-Hopping LiDAR

Low-cost fixed-angle ground-based lidar integration with point cloud registration

“…The three equations (3-4), (3)(4)(5)(6), and (3-8) are combined to obtain the conditional constraint equation：…”

“…Due to the increase in demand for assistance systems for the mass production of autonomous vehicles, the hardware used has evolved rapidly, and this portable lidar, which is compact, easy to place, and has a unique scanning method, has also developed rapidly, and this portable lidar belongs to the hybrid solid-state radar. According to the scanning method, LIDAR can be divided into three categories, which are mechanical, solid-state, and hybrid solid-state [1][2][3] , among which mechanical radars are more commonly used. The mechanical lidar transmitting and receiving systems rotate, turning the laser from point to line by rotating the transmitter, and arranging multiple laser transmitters in the vertical direction to form a surface to achieve the effect of 3D scanning, but the point cloud data obtained from such lidar scanning is linearly distributed [4] , the point cloud is sparse, and the point cloud density does not increase with scanning time [5] [6] .…”

Recent Advances in Light Detection and Ranging: Optical Modulation Solutions and Novel Nanotechnologies

“…[35] On the other hand, C.M. Tsai et al proposed [39] Copyright 2021, IEEE b) Schematic of the dual-comb pulse position modulation (DCPPM)-based dual pulse LiDAR system and its probability of correct detection. Reproduced with permission.…”

“…There are several technologies to enhance the anti-interference capability of FMCW LiDARs. [38][39][40][41] As can be seen in Figure 3a, Y. Chen et al developed an anti-interference LiDAR system that is using frequency-hopping (FH) modulation. The system employs the method of cross-correlation to calculate the processing signals and analyze the effectiveness of its anti-interference capability is evaluated using the relative error (RE) of ranging measurements.…”

Parallel random LiDAR with spatial multiplexing of a many-mode laser

“…For spatial multiplexing, one can use random time traces as fingerprints of individual channels. Previously, random modulation of continuous waves in time was employed for single-channel LiDAR [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21], in order to avoid interference and jamming [22][23][24][25]. Compared to pseudo-random sequences created by optical modulators, intensity fluctuations of chaotic lasers [26][27][28] and thermal emitters [29], as well as stochastic spontaneous emission events [30,31], can provide true random waveforms with higher modulation speed.…”