Investigation of antimicrobial activities of some herbs containing essential oils and their mouthwash formulations

Abstract

Amaç: Türkiye'de halk arasında yaygın olarak kullanılan bitkilerden elde edilen uçucu yağların antimikrobiyal etkilerini araştırmak ve bu etkilerden yola çıkarak ağız enfeksiyonlarında kullanılmak üzere gargara formülasyonu hazırlamaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Uçucu yağlar, bitkilerden (Origanum vulgare L. spp. hirtum, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Laurus nobilis L., Salvia fruticosa Mill.) su distilasyonu metodu ile Clevenger apareyi kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen uçucu yağlar ve %4,5 ve %9,0 oranlarında uçucu yağların karışımını içeren gargara formülasyonlarının antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri disk difüzyon metodu ve mikrobroth dilüsyon metodu ile araştırılmıştır. Bulgular: Bu çalışmada antimikrobiyal aktivite disk difüzyon metodu ve mikrobroth dilüsyon metoduyla değerlendirilmiştir. İnhibisyon zon çaplarının 7-59 mm arasında değişkenlik gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Uçucu yağlar, mikroorganizmalar üzerine saf olarak uygulandığında statik ve sidal etkinliğin genellikle %50 ve %50'nin üzerinde olduğu gözlenmiştir. %4,5 oranında uçucu yağ karışımı içeren F2 formülasyonunun Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 üzerindeki minimum bakterisidal etkisinin %6,25 olduğu ve diğer tüm mikroorganizmalar üzerinde minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon ve minimum bakterisidal konsantrasyonunun %3,125 olduğu bulunmuştur. Uçucu yağ örneklerinin mikroorganizmalar üzerine saf olarak Objectives: The aim of this study was to prepare pharmaceutical formulations of mouthwashes and examine the antimicrobial activities of essential oils obtained from plants used traditionally in Turkey for oral infections. Materials and Methods: Essential oils were obtained from herbal drugs with water distillation method using of Clevenger apparatus. Antimicrobial capacities of mouthwash formulations containing mixture of essential oils with proportions of 4.5% and 9.0% were examined by disc diffusion method and microbroth dilution method. Results: In study, antimicrobial activity was evaluated by disc diffusion method and microbroth dilution method. The inhibition zone diameters were determined to vary between 7-59 mm. It has been observed that the static and cidal activity was generally 50% and greater than 50%, when pure essential oil samples were applied on microorganism specimens. Formulation F2 containing mixture of essential oils with proportions of 4.5%, showed 6.25% minimum bactericidal effect on Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and 3.125% the minimum inhibitor concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration on all other microorganisms. It is found that the antimicrobial effect of pure essential oil samples applied on microorganisms, was lower than mouthwashes formulations; the antimicrobial effect of F2 formulation containing mixture of essential oils with proportions of 4.5% was higher than formulation F1 containing mixture of essential oils with proportions of 9%. Conclusion:The results obtained by these methods allow us to conclude that the essential oils and prepared F1 and F2 mouthwash formulations exert activity against microorganis...

New Tricks for Old Guys: Recent Developments in the Chemistry, Biochemistry, Applications and Exploitation of Selected Species from the Lamiaceae Family

“…hirtum , Laurus nobilis L., R. officinalis L., Salvia fruticosa Mill .) in a percentage between 4.5–9.0 % on a mouthwash formulation . As per as antibacterial activity of the EOs, their antifungal activity is largely studied still now.…”

“…in a percentage between 4.5 -9.0 % on a mouthwash formulation. [300] As per as antibacterial activity of the EOs, their antifungal activity is largely studied still now. A lot of them are invitro studies with Candida albicans as target strain.…”

Choosing the Right Essential Oil for a Mouthwash: Chemical, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Studies

“…Up to now, a number of essential oils were evaluated against oral bacteria, including Chrysanthemum indicum, [43] Satureja hortensis, [44] Citrus aurantifolia leaves and fruit peels essential oils, [45] Laurus nobilis, Origanum vulgare ssp. hirtum, R. officinalis, Salvia fruticosa, [46] Achilllea ligustica [47] and others. However, there are only a few studies on the antimicrobial activity of the herein studied essential oils against oral bacterial isolates.…”

Antimicrobial activities of mouthwashes obtained from various combinations of Elettaria cardamomum Maton., Lavandula angustifolia Mill. and Salvia triloba L. essential oils

“…The combination blend was filtered, and the volume of the filtrate was completed to 10 mL by using distilled water. No preservative was added since the mouthwashes included high content of ethanol (> 15 %) (Kulaksiz et al, 2018), as well as essential oils.…”