Investigation of ash deposition in PF boiler during combustion of torrefied biomass

Jagodzińska, Katarzyna; Gądek, Waldemar; Pronobis, Marek; Kalisz, Sylwester

doi:10.1088/1755-1315/214/1/012080

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Various predictive factors for ash characterization have been developed at present deposition tendencies, such as silica content (SiO2), the chlorine content of the fuel (Cl), basic to acidic oxides (B/A), bed agglomeration index (BAI), Babcock index (Rs), fouling index (Fu), fouling factor (Rf), slag viscosity index (Sr) and initial deformation temperature (IDT). Indicators and the formulas used for the calculations are extensively described in [17,38]. Patterns used for this determination are listed below (1-6).…”

Section: Samples Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This test determines temperatures at which change of samples' shape is observed-deformation temperature (DT), spherical/softening temperature (ST), hemispherical temperature (HT), and fluid temperature (FT), which is a part of mineral matter transformation processes [3,5,[14][15][16]. The other widely used method is based on the statistical observations of the relationship between the amount of basic and acid oxides and the tendency to slagging and fouling [17][18][19][20]. In addition to these two methods, there are others based on the observation of the change of physical properties of the ash.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Applicability of these indicators is limited because they are mainly established to characterize coal rather than biomass ash properties [17,38]. Ranges of slagging and fouling indices are presented in Table 3 and marked in greyscale to highlight the difference in values to improve its visibility.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predictive ash deposition indices with their ranges[17,38] and results of ash deposition indices of fuels under analysis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Application of the Mechanical and Pressure Drop Tests to Determine the Sintering Temperature of Coal and Biomass Ash

Król

Nowak-Woźny

2021

Energies

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The aim of this paper is to investigate the mechanical properties of coal and biomass ash during the sintering process. For this study, bituminous coal, lignite, wheat straw, barley straw, and rye straw were selected. The proximate, ultimate, and oxide analyses were performed. The ash from these fuels was prepared in a special way that ensured the physicochemical invariability of the initial state of the mineral matter of coal and biomass. The purpose of this selection was to obtain widely available and clearly diversified materials. Based on the results of ash composition and ultimate analysis the most common ash deposition, indices were determined. Certain conflict of index indications was observed. Then, the mechanical test and pressure drop test were performed. During the mechanical test, the fracture stress as a function of sintering temperature was measured. During the pressure drop test, the pressure before and behind the sample was measured as a function of sintering temperature. Both tests showed that the characteristic changes (the occurrence of a maximum on the pressure drop curve and the inflection point at the mechanical curve) dependencies were at nearly the same temperatures. These results were compared with the initial deformation temperature (IDT) from the standard Leitz method. A linear relationship between sintering temperatures determined by the mechanical test, pressure drop test, and IDT Leitz test was obtained. The obtained results are promising in terms of the application of the mechanical methods (fracture stress test and pressure drop test) as methods of the early stage prediction of slagging/fouling risks.

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Section: Samples Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Predictive ash deposition indices with their ranges[17,38] and results of ash deposition indices of fuels under analysis.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Application of the Mechanical and Pressure Drop Tests to Determine the Sintering Temperature of Coal and Biomass Ash

Król

Nowak-Woźny

2021

Energies

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“…The formation of newly formed mineral phases and the transformation of the original minerals contained in the biomass can lead to difficulties in accurately determining the sintering temperature of the ash from a given fuel. There are many methods to evaluate the tendency, such as: oxide indices method, a purely empirical method based on many years of observations [18][19][20][21], the ash fusion test, based on visual observation of the change in the shape of the ash sample during the ash sintering process [2,[22][23][24][25], or finally more physical methods directly based on observations of the change in the physical properties of ash samples, such as the failure stress-in the mechanical method [26], or the shrinkage of the sample and the change in its porosity-in the pressure method [26]. Other methods to be mentioned include: thermomechanical analysis [14], thermal conductivity analysis [27], electrical resistivity test [28], and other techniques presented in detail in [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass and Coal Ash Sintering—Thermodynamic Equilibrium Modeling versus Pressure Drop Test and Mechanical Test

2022

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The problem of biomass combustion and co-combustion is a particularly important aspect of many district heating systems, where the use of biomass makes it possible to reduce CO2 emissions. The present article is a continuation of previous studies of the behavior of the mineral matter of selected fuels during the sintering processes. Three biomasses were studied: wheat straw, barley straw and rye straw, as well as two coals from Polish mines: bituminous coal and lignite. The study included ultimate and proximate analyses and oxide analysis. On the basis of the oxide analysis and using FactSage 8.0. software, the sintering process of ash from selected fuels was simulated. In particular, the content of the slag phase as well as the values of the specific heat cp and density were determined without considering the gas phase. The obtained results were compared with the results of measurements of fracture stress (mechanical method) and pressure drop (pressure drop test) determined during the sintering process of the ash samples. The study showed that there is a fairly pronounced correlation between the sintering temperatures determined by the mechanical and pressure drop test and the physical properties of the ashes, such as density and heat capacity, and chemical properties, i.e., the content of the slag phase. The completed research work indicates and confirms that nonstandard methods of studying ash sintering temperatures (mechanical and pressure drop test) are very promising because they directly reflect the behavior of coals and biofuels in combustion systems.

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Impact of ammonium sulfate and kaolin on ash deposition during co-firing of straw pellets and pulverized coal

Lim

Park

Lee

et al. 2022

Korean J. Chem. Eng.

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Investigation of ash deposition in PF boiler during combustion of torrefied biomass

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Application of the Mechanical and Pressure Drop Tests to Determine the Sintering Temperature of Coal and Biomass Ash

Application of the Mechanical and Pressure Drop Tests to Determine the Sintering Temperature of Coal and Biomass Ash

Biomass and Coal Ash Sintering—Thermodynamic Equilibrium Modeling versus Pressure Drop Test and Mechanical Test

Impact of ammonium sulfate and kaolin on ash deposition during co-firing of straw pellets and pulverized coal

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