Investigation of Benzene 1,4‐Dicarboxylic Acid MOF Linker Encapped Zinc Phosphate @ rGO‐Based Binder‐Free Electrode for Hybrid Supercapacitor Applications

Abstract

Maneuvering, railing, capturing, harvesting, and storing of energy tractable from renewable and nonrenewable sources brings forth natural stumbling block, which necessitated the emergence of alternative resources rather electrochemical storage devices since 19 th /20 th centuries. [1] The portable electronic gadgets have demanded better performance in terms of two vital electrochemical components energy density (ED) and power density (PD). [2,3] The researchers have a tandem approach on these parameters depending upon the threshold for utility advented another energy (besides rechargeable batteries) storage device, namely, electrochemical capacitors or ultracapacitors or the commonality refers to the supercapacitors (SCs). [4,5] Then the perception of SCs has transcended based on their working mechanism presented their the elusive state of art as EDLC, pseudo, and hybrid SCs. [6,7] Consequently, the innovative methodology has been engineered on electrodes befitting for SCs (symmetric, asymmetric, and hybrid), and their physio-chemical intricacies have been evolved empirically so as to accomplish the basic requisites appropriately demanded for electrodes for the energy storage materials. [8] As far as the stability and higher specific capacitance are concerned on SCs with the specific reference to implicit electrodes implored, the researchers have come across transition metal oxides, nitrides, phosphides, chalcogenides, phosphates, and so on have been identified as suitable material matrices for electrodes of SCs. [9] In particular, the specific functionality of the hybrid SCs has superseded EDLC and pseudo SCs because of the hybrid composites. [10][11][12][13] In the recent past, the back-up background for hybrid electrodes has imperatively summoned to be highly flexible without compromising their hold up lattice profile strongly coordinated geometry refers to metal-organic framework (MOF), which might certainly be promising toward technological improvisation onto the electrodes stability performance @ higher cycles for SCs device applications. [14][15][16][17] Numerous research works on MOF-based transition metals (TM) based oxides, chalcogenides, and phosphides are found to be promising for hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) applications. [18][19][20] In this line, Shigeyuki et al. attempted zinc @ BDC and reported Cs of 245 F g À1 @ 1 A g À1 with binder. [21] The role of the binder is to hold on both current collector and the active material. The disadvantage of the binder is its electrochemical inactiveness and its unnecessary loading constitutes "the dead mass," which constricts the electrochemical activity of the active material that might be resulting in lower Cs which is not the requisite for SC device applications. The novelty of the present investigation is to enhance the Cs, ED, and cyclic stability of the requisite SCs device performance without using a binder and improving the active material's performance in the present investigation. However, PO 3À 4 coordinated TM-based MOF have not yet been explored. Th...