Investigation of boriding kinetics of AISI D2 steel

Domı́nguez, Mariana; Кеддам, М.; Elías-Espinosa, M.; Damián-Mejía, O.; Flores-Rentería, M. A.; Arenas-Flores, A.; Hernández-Ávila, Juan

doi:10.1179/1743294414y.0000000273

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…From a kinetic point of view, several approaches [3,[5][6][7] were developed in the objective of optimizing the thicknesses of borided layers in order to meet the functional requirements during industrial use of borided steels. Some of these models that estimate the thickness of the monolayer (Fe 2 B) or a double layer (FeB-Fe 2 B) are based on the solution of Fick's second law without time dependent (∇ 2 C Fe 2 B (x) � 0 ⟶ steady state) [3, 6, 7, 16-18, 20-22, 24-26, 30] and some others on the solution of Fick's second law with time dependent (zC Fe 2 B(x, t)/zt � D Fe 2 B z 2 C Fe 2 B (x, t)/zx 2 ⟶ non-steady state) [5,24,27,28,31,33]. e ASTM A36 steel has a good machinability with an acceptable wear resistance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Boride Layers in Powder-Pack Borided ASTM A36 Steel Based on Two Different Approaches

Domı́nguez

Gómez-Vargas

Parga

et al. 2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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An indispensable tool to choose the suitable process parameters for obtaining boride layer of an adequate thickness is the modeling of the boriding kinetics. In this work, two mathematical approaches were used in order to determine the value of activation energy in the Fe2B layers on ASTM A36 steel during the iron powder-pack boriding in the temperature range of 1123–1273 K for treatment times between 2 and 8 h. The first approach was based on the mass balance equation at the interface (Fe2B/substrate) and the solution of Fick’s second law under steady state (without time dependent). The second approach was based on the same mathematical principles as the first approach for one-dimensional analysis under non-steady-state condition. The measurements of the thickness (Fe2B), for different temperatures of boriding, were used for calculations. As a result, the boron activation energy for the ASTM A36 steel was estimated as 161 kJ·mol−1. This value of energy was compared between both models and with other literature data. The Fe2B layers grown on ASTM A36 steel were characterized by use of the following experimental techniques: X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Finally, the experimental value of Fe2B layer’s thickness obtained at 1123 K with an exposure time of 2.5 h was compared with the predicted thicknesses by using these two approaches. A good concordance was achieved between the experimental data and the simulated results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Boride Layers in Powder-Pack Borided ASTM A36 Steel Based on Two Different Approaches

Domı́nguez

Gómez-Vargas

Parga

et al. 2019

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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“…is the miscibility gap 15,16 and C 0 is the boron solubility in the matrix considered as zero. 3 The following assumptions are considered for the diffusion model:…”

Section: Kinetic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, many models reported in the literature were used for analyzing the kinetics of the Fe 2 B layers grown on different substrates [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] , with and without the boride incubation times.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study and characterization of borided AISI 4140 steel

Кеддам¹

2015

Mater. Tehnol.

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In the present study, an alternative diffusion model was proposed for analyzing the growth of Fe 2 B layers formed on the AISI 4140 steel during the pack-boriding process. This model was based on solving the mass-balance equations for the Fe 2 B/Fe interface to evaluate boron diffusion coefficients through the Fe 2 B layers in a temperature range of 1123-1273 K. The boride incubation time for the Fe 2 B phase was included in the present model. The suggested model was validated experimentally at a temperature of 1253 K for a treatment time of 5 h. Furthermore, the generated boride layers were analyzed with light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD). In addition, a contour diagram was also proposed as a function of treatment time and temperature. On the basis of our experimental results, the boron activation energy for the AISI 4140 steel was found to be 189.24 kJ mol -1 . Keywords: boriding, incubation time, diffusion model, growth kinetics, activation energy, adherence V tej {tudiji je predlagan alternativni model difuzije za analiziranje rasti Fe 2 B-plasti, ki nastane na jeklu AISI 4140 pri boriranju v {katli. Ta model temelji na re{itvi ena~be ravnote`ja mas na stiku (Fe 2 B/Fe) pri oceni koeficienta difuzije bora skozi Fe 2 B-sloje v temperaturnem obmo~ju 1123-1273 K. Inkubacijski~as borida za Fe 2 B-fazo je bil vklju~en v predstavljeni model. Predlagani model je bil eksperimentalno ocenjen pri temperaturi 1253 K in~asu obdelave 5 h. Poleg tega so bili izdelani sloji analizirani na svetlobnem mikroskopu, z vrsti~nim elektronskim mikroskopom (SEM), energijsko disperzijsko rentgensko spektroskopijo (EDS) in z rentgensko difrakcijsko analizo (XRD). Dodatno je bil predlagan {e konturni diagram kot funkcija~asa obdelave in temperature. Na podlagi eksperimentalnih rezultatov je bilo ugotovljeno, da je aktivacijska energija bora pri jeklu AISI 4140 189,24 kJ mol -1 .

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“…The boriding process is a thermochemical treatment in which the boron atoms diffuse into the surface of ferrous alloys to produce hard boride layers improving their resistance against wear and corrosion [6]. From a kinetic point of view, a few diffusion models were reported for modeling the growth kinetics of Fe 2 B layers on the surfaces of gray cast irons [7][8][9]. However, there is only one reference work regarding the simulation of the growth kinetics of Fe 2 B layers in case of ductile iron ASTM A-536) [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Diffusion Model for the Fe₂B Layers Formed on a Ductile Cast Iron

Кеддам

2018

Acta Phys. Pol. A

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In this work, a diffusion model was applied to estimate the boron diffusion coefficients in the Fe2B layers on the ASTM A-536 ductile iron in the temperature range 1173-1273 K by the powder-pack boriding. The mass balance equation at the (Fe2B/substrate) interface was formulated considering the effect of boride incubation times. As a result, the value of activation energy for boron diffusion in the ductile iron was estimated and compared with the literature. To verify the validity of the present model, the experimental Fe2B layer thickness obtained at 1173 K for 10 h was compared to the predicted value. A good concordance was observed between the predicted value of Fe2B layer thickness and the experimental data.

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Investigation of boriding kinetics of AISI D2 steel

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Boride Layers in Powder-Pack Borided ASTM A36 Steel Based on Two Different Approaches

Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Boride Layers in Powder-Pack Borided ASTM A36 Steel Based on Two Different Approaches

Kinetic study and characterization of borided AISI 4140 steel

A Diffusion Model for the Fe₂B Layers Formed on a Ductile Cast Iron

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Investigation of boriding kinetics of AISI D2 steel

Cited by 32 publications

References 33 publications

Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Boride Layers in Powder-Pack Borided ASTM A36 Steel Based on Two Different Approaches

Modeling of the Growth Kinetics of Boride Layers in Powder-Pack Borided ASTM A36 Steel Based on Two Different Approaches

Kinetic study and characterization of borided AISI 4140 steel

A Diffusion Model for the Fe2B Layers Formed on a Ductile Cast Iron

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A Diffusion Model for the Fe₂B Layers Formed on a Ductile Cast Iron