Investigation of bromide ion effects on disinfection by-products formation and speciation in an Istanbul water supply

Disinfection is commonly employed in recirculating mariculture systems (RMS) to control animal diseases and improve seawater quality; however, little is known about the occurrence of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed in such RMS. Beijing Aquarium is a typical RMS with artificially prepared seawater and mainly adopts a decentralized treatment strategy for different animal tanks, including sand filtration, foam fractionation, and disinfection (O 3 , UV, and O 3 /ClO 2 ). This study reveals that the adopted disinfection processes were highly effective in controlling marine heterotrophic bacteria; however, some concerns were raised on the formation of various kinds of DBPs, including secondary oxidants, inorganic oxyanions, and hazardous organic species. Free chlorine and free bromine were generated from ozonation at health-relevant concentrations. High concentrations of Environmental impactRecirculating mariculture systems (RMS) have been widely employed in marine aquaria around the world. Hazardous disinfection byproducts (DBPs) formed during the seawater treatment of RMS has been neglected for a long time. This study investigated the formation of various kinds of DBPs (i.e., secondary oxidants, inorganic oxyanions, and hazardous organic species) in animal tanks of a typical RMS, which raised serious concerns on the health threats of the detected DBPs to aquarium animals. To solve these problems, potential control measures for DBPs are proposed. This study provides useful and timely information to the mariculture industry regarding the occurrence and control of DBPs.

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“…25 The acute toxicity of chlorine-produced oxidants is less than 1-46 mM, measured as 48 h LC50 for certain shes;…”

Section: Formation Of Secondary Oxidantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Every month, about 20-25% of the seawater in the animal tanks is replaced by the fresh ASW. All animal tanks in Beijing Aquarium are indoor with seawater temperature maintained in the range of [20][21][22][23][24][25] C.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Formation of disinfection byproducts in a recirculating mariculture system: emerging concerns

Qiang

Zhang

Dong

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci.: Processes Impacts

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“…The higher molecular weight NOM is typically hydrophobic and composed of activated aromatic rings, phenolic hydroxyl groups and conjugated double bonds, while the lower molecular weight NOM are hydrophilic and composed of aliphatic ketones and alcohols (Liang and Singer, 2003). The hydrophobic fractions of NOM has higher specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) value, while the hydrophilic fractions of NOM exhibit lower SUVA value (Uyak and Toroz, 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlorination of bromide containing waters alters the reaction process and increases the fractions of brominated DBPs in the drinking waters (Uyak and Toroz, 2007). In the presence of bromide ions, chlorine forms hypobromous acid (HOBr), which is roughly 20 times more reactive with the NOM than the corresponding hypochlorous acid (HOCl).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the presence of bromide ions, chlorine forms hypobromous acid (HOBr), which is roughly 20 times more reactive with the NOM than the corresponding hypochlorous acid (HOCl). The increase of brominated DBPs can be attributed to the reactions of hypobromous acid (HOBr) with lower molecular weights NOM as well as a shift of chlorinated DBPs into the brominated DBPs (Liang and Singer, 2003;Uyak and Toroz, 2007). The bromide to chlorine ratio may also have an influence on the relative distributions of DBPs species in drinking water (Hellur-Grossman et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modeling and characterization of natural organic matter and its relationship with the THMs formation

2016

Global NEST Journal

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Natural organic matter (NOM) has been identified as the prominent precursor for disinfection by-products (DBPs) formation during chlorination. Various studies have suggests that the characteristics of NOM influence the Trihalomethanes (THMs) formation potential to the large extent. The present study represents the NOM characterisation in terms of total organic carbon (TOC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), UV absorbance at 254 nm wavelengths (UV254) and specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) to investigate the effect of NOM on THMs formation mechanism. The high rate of dependency was observed for each representative of NOM with respect to water quality characteristics and operational condition of disinfection process. In this study, values of SUVA and UV254 have been drastically reduced with respect to variable chlorine dose which represent the significance of chlorine contact is more predominant with hydrophobic fractions of NOM. The value of SUVA is decreasing with respect to temperature and reaction time, which reveled higher rate of utilization for hydrophobic fractions of NOM. Predictive modeling approach was carried out using multiple regression analysis with the combination of two surrogates at each stage of modeling with help of operational condition of disinfection process and water quality characteristics. The R 2 value of the model was found in the range of 0.927 to 0.937 from the developed model and thus present model could be recommended for prediction of THMs in drinking water.

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A Review on Formation and Decay Kinetics of Trihalomethanes in Water of Different Qualities

Al‐Omari

Muhammetoğlu

Karadirek

et al. 2014

CLEAN Soil Air Water

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Despite the many disadvantages associated with the use of chlorine for disinfecting drinking water, chlorination is still the main method used for this purpose worldwide. Low chlorine concentrations in water distribution systems increase health risks whereas high chlorine concentrations are associated with the formation of disinfection by-products such as trihalomethanes which are suspected carcinogens. Due to their negative health impacts, trihalomethanes occurrence in finished drinking water has received great attention from researchers and scientists worldwide. This manuscript critically reviews and discusses up to date knowledge on the occurrence of trihalomethanes in chlorinated drinking water and their associated health risks and identifies research gaps. The models for trihalomethane formation and decay have been compiled with special emphasis on the impact of the bromide ion on the total trihalomethane levels and speciation. Furthermore, the fate and transport of trihalomethanes in drinking water supplies and in groundwater have been investigated. Finally, management options for the reduction of trihalomethanes in chlorinated drinking water such as the removal of precursors from raw water, the use of alternative disinfectants and the removal of trihalomethanes from finished drinking water have been critically investigated and discussed.

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Investigation of bromide ion effects on disinfection by-products formation and speciation in an Istanbul water supply

Cited by 108 publications

References 20 publications

Formation of disinfection byproducts in a recirculating mariculture system: emerging concerns

Formation of disinfection byproducts in a recirculating mariculture system: emerging concerns

Modeling and characterization of natural organic matter and its relationship with the THMs formation

A Review on Formation and Decay Kinetics of Trihalomethanes in Water of Different Qualities

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