Investigation of Cervical Mucus as an Indicator of Ovarian Activity in Pigs

Betteridge, K.; Raeside, J. I.

doi:10.1530/jrf.0.0030410

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Arborization of cervical mucus has been investigated in many species (Betteridge & Raeside, 1962) but there are no detailed reports concerning its occurrence in the bitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization patterns in anterior vaginal fluid from bitches in oestrus

Allen¹

1989

Reproduction

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Bitches exhibited a characteristic arborization pattern of the fluid from the anterior vagina during pro-oestrus and oestrus. These changes were monitored together with conventional vaginal cytology and plasma oestrogen and progestagen concentrations. A classical ferning pattern, similar to that seen in bovine cervical mucus at oestrus, occurred after the peak in plasma oestrogen concentrations. Ferning was most intense after the second peak of cornification of vaginal epithelial cells. It is suggested that a 'Ferning Index', when combined with conventional vaginal cytology, can be of use in determining the optimum mating time in the bitch.

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“…Arborization of cervical mucus has been investigated in many species (Betteridge & Raeside, 1962) but there are no detailed reports concerning its occurrence in the bitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crystallization patterns in anterior vaginal fluid from bitches in oestrus

Allen¹

1989

Reproduction

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“…The vaginal cytology test to detect oestral cycle stages in the sow has not been a common practice due to the fact that oestral cycle phases are not too marked, and that its interpretation requires a lot of experience 2 . Betteridge and Raeside 16 , determined that vaginal cytology was not a practical tool to determine oestrus phase in confined sows, as it required the sampling of vaginal smears every 12 h, and also because in each reading at least a count of 100 cells should be detected. Therefore the use of a boar is a more practical, feasible and quick method in intensive production pig farms in order to detect oestrus.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteração do epitélio vaginal em fêmeas crioulas com ovulação durante a lactação

Mota-Rojas

Alonso-Spilsbury

Novales

et al. 2005

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar mudanças do epitélio vaginal em fêmeas de "Cerdo Pelón Mexicano", que ovularam durante o lactação, estágio causado pelo efeito da presença de macho e retirada da leitegada. A avaliação do estro foi feita através de citologia de raspado vaginal, observação do comportamento das fêmeas e por determinação de 17 ß estradiol e de progesterona no 8º dia após o início de lactação. Foram formados quatro grupos de fêmeas: Grupo 1 não sofreu estímulo; Grupo 2 permaneceu com o macho; Grupo 3 foi separado sua leitegada por 4 h e grupo 4 recebeu ambos estímulos. Amostras de raspado vaginal foram coletadas a cada 24 horas durante 5 dias após o estímulo. ANOVA para amostras repetidas foi realizada durante os 5 dias do teste. O estímulo utilizado no Grupo 4 causou modificações significativas (P < 0·001) quando comparado aos Grupos 1, 2 e 3. Os níveis de estradiol foram mais altos que 30 pg/ml no Grupo 4 no 10º dia pós parto e 4.5 ng/ml de progesterona nos 11º e 12º dias pós parto. Ficou evidente que 100% das fêmeas nos Grupos 1, 2 e 3 não mostraram atividade de estro quando foi relacionado citologia vaginal com o comportamento estral e determinação hormonal da fase de lactação das fêmeas, ao passo que 100% das fêmeas no Grupo 4 apresentaram estro 72 horas após os estímulos e ovularam 24 a 36 horas do início do cio, o que foi comprovado pela determinações de estradiol e progesterona, respectivamente.

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“…Using these properties, commercial tests have been developed to enable women to establish their fertile period (FP) quickly, easily and cheaply. Although the crystallisation of cervical and vaginal mucus has been investigated in many species, including dogs and human beings (Betteridge and Raeside 1962, England and Allen 1989, England 1992, Pattanasuttinont and others 2007, Jezkova and others 2008), there are no previous reports on the use of saliva as an indicator of the FP in bitches.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%