Investigation of changes in properties of water under the action of a magnetic field

Abstract

The properties of water and their changes under the action of a magnetic field were gathered by the spectrum techniques of infrared, Raman, visible, ultraviolet and X-ray lights, which may give an insight into molecular and atomic structures of water. It was found that some properties of water were changed, and a lot of new and strange phenomena were discovered after magnetization. Magnetized water really has magnetism, which has been verified by a peak shift of X-ray diffraction of magnetized water + Fe 3 O 4 hybrid relative to that of pure water + Fe 3 O 4 hybrid, that is a saturation and memory effect. The properties of infrared and ultraviolet absorptions, Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction of magnetized water were greatly changed relative to those of pure water; their strengths of peaks were all increased, the frequencies of some peaks did also shift, and some new peaks, for example, at 5198, 8050 and 9340 cm −1 , occurred at 25℃ after water was magnetized. In the meanwhile, the magnetized effects of water are related to the magnetized time, the intensity of an externally applied magnetic field, and the temperature of water, but they are not a linear relationship. The study also showed a lot of new and unusual properties of magnetized water, for example, the six peaks in 3000-3800 cm −1 in infrared absorption, the exponential increase of ultraviolet absorption of wave with the decreasing wavelength of light of 200-300 nm, the frequency-shifts of peaks, a strange irreversible effect in the increasing and decreasing processes, as well as a stronger peak of absorption occurring at 50℃, 70℃ and 80℃, the existence of many models of motion from 85℃ to 95℃ in 8000-10000 cm −1 , and so on. These results show that the molecular structure of water is very complicated, which needs further study. Furthermore, the macroscopic feature of mechanics, for instance, surface tension force of magnetized water, was also measured. Experiments discovered that the size in contact angles of magnetized water on the surface of hydrophobic materials decreases, thus the surface tension force of magnetized water decreases relative to that of pure water. It is seen from the above results that the clustering structure of hydrogen-bonded chains and polarization effects of water

Possible Further Evidence for the Thixotropic Phenomenon of Water

“…Many experiments show that aqueous systems can be magnetized by a magnetic field and stay magnetized much longer than is theoretically explicable [43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53], even though the magnetization effect is small. However, when water and aqueous solutions are exposed to a magnetic field, the so-called magnetization of water induces changes in its properties, including optical features [54], magnetism [50], thermodynamics [43], increase in melting point [52], surface tension [48], increase in vaporization rate [51,55,56] and electric conductivity [51] compared with those of pure aqueous systems.…”

“…Pang and Deng [50] found that the properties of IR and UV absorption, Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction of magnetized water significantly change relative to those of pure water. For the experiment they used doubly distilled and passed through a Millipore water system water.…”

An Overview on Magnetic Field and Electric Field Interactions with Ice Crystallisation; Application in the Case of Frozen Food

“…Spectrum techniques such as infrared, Raman, visible, ultraviolet lights and X-ray have confirmed that optical properties of water change on MF treatment [16,17]. For instance, when water was exposed in the SMF of 0.44 T, the absorbance of UV spectrum increased in the region of 191-220 nm, the diffraction intensity increased, and the absorbance of infrared spectra was increased both in the mid and near infrared regions [24].…”

“…Magnetic fields (MFs) can influence the properties of water [16,17]. In the absence of externally applied MF, water lacks the intrinsic magnetic dipole moment.…”

“…Former studies revealed that specific properties of water such as surface tension force and viscosity, optical property (changes in optical feature of water including infrared, Raman, visible, ultraviolet lights and X-ray spectra), electromagnetic property (refractive index, dielectric constant and electrical conductivity), thermodynamic property (enthalpy of vaporization), dynamic property (self-diffusion coefficient) and molecular structure of water (hydrogen bond structure) change upon the application of MFs [16,17,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30].…”